Experimental Study on Crop Coefficient of Spring Maize in Hetao Irrigation District of Inner Mongolia

Hou Qiong; Wang Haimei; Yun Wenli; Li Jianjun

doi:10.11898/1001-7313.20160404

Vol.27, NO.4, 2016

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Hou Qiong, Wang Haimei, Yun Wenli, et al. Experimental study on crop coefficient of spring maize in hetao irrigation district of Inner Mongolia. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2016, 27(4): 417-425. DOI: 10.11898/1001-7313.20160404.

Citation:

Hou Qiong, Wang Haimei, Yun Wenli, et al. Experimental study on crop coefficient of spring maize in hetao irrigation district of Inner Mongolia. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2016, 27(4): 417-425. DOI: 10.11898/1001-7313.20160404.

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Experimental Study on Crop Coefficient of Spring Maize in Hetao Irrigation District of Inner Mongolia

DOI: 10.11898/1001-7313.20160404

1.
Ecological and Agricultural Meteorological Center of Inner Mongolia, Huhhot 010051
2.
Bayannur Agricultural Meteorological Station of Inner Mongolia, Bayannur 015000

Received Date: 2015-10-27
Rev Recd Date: 2016-05-24
Publish Date: 2016-07-31

Abstract

Abstract

The crop coefficient curve is an important parameter for estimating the change of water consumption in growing season, and it plays an important role in water management, such as the simulation of evapotranspiration, irrigation forecasting and irrigation decision-making. Previous crop coefficient studies mainly concentrate on the average value of growth period, while rarely focus on daily changes. A crop coefficient simulation method is in need to improve spring maze irrigation forecasting business in Hetao area. Based on the field moisture test data and meteorological station historical observations, the crop coefficient of spring maize is calculated with water balance method, and a dynamic simulation equation is established considering the variation during growing season. It's then evaluated using results of the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) piecewise linear method, and daily rolling estimation of crop evapotranspiration is achieved. At the same time, the leaf area correction method is put forward to estimate the soil moisture content under the water stress, which can provide basis for the development of maize irrigation forecast. Results show that the crop coefficient of spring maize can be described by three curves of the development process, and the change trend of crop coefficient has nothing to do with the output level, but the variation range increases with the increase of output. Considering heat index can reduce the influence of geographical factors on crop coefficient, the simulation equation of maize coefficient are established based on relative accumulative temperature as time variable after emergence, and the decision coefficient are all above 0.92. The maximum (1.30-1.48) and average (0.831-0.919) maize coefficients of each site are calculated by simulation, results are basically the same as the 3 typical values and interval values got by FAO segmentation method, and the range of averaged relative error during growth period is 3.4%-7.2%. Through the analysis, it is concluded that K_c and relative leaf area index are better described by exponential function, and the calculation method of the standard leaf area index is proposed, which can calculate the crop coefficient in any production condition. The simulated soil moisture is consistent with the measured value with average relative error of 6.3%, and less than 15% for 95.8% circumstance, indicating good application prospects. As the soil moisture supply below 1 m is not considered yet, the model should be improved in the future to explore the calculation method of the lower layer water supply.
- crop coefficient;
- simulation method;
- water balance;
- the correction factor of leaf area index;
- spring maize

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References(23)

Figures and Tables

Fig. 1 I_LA time variation curve under water suitable conditions

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Fig. 2 The crop coefficient curve of spring maize with the variable of ten days (a) or cumulative growing degree (b) after emergence

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Fig. 3 Comparison results of K_c calculated by 2 methods in different regions

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Fig. 4 Comparison of relative error of soil moisture simulation

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Table 1 The emergence date of 4 developmental stages and the average height of the plant

地区	气象观测	生长初期	快速生长期	生长中期	生长末期
临河试验田	时间段	05-06—05-31	06-01—05-07	07-06—08-20	08-21—09-15
临河试验田	平均株高/cm	18	110	260	250
临河区	时间段	05-10—06-04	06-05—07-10	07-11—08-25	08-26—09-20
临河区	平均株高/cm		110	275	270
准格尔旗	时间段	05-15—06-09	06-10—07-15	07-16—08-25	08-26—09-25
准格尔旗	平均株高/cm		120	240	225
土左旗	时间段	05-08—06-02	06-03—07-08	07-09—08-20	08-21—09-15
土左旗	平均株高/cm		100	266	260

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Table 2 Simulation equations and main parameters of crop coefficient of maize in growing season under water suitable conditions (n=15)

地区	表达式	R²	K_c 最大值	K_c 平均值	产量水平/ (kg·hm^-2)
临河试验田	K_cb=-5.14T_x³+3.84T_x²+1.795T_x+0.1461	0.9332	1.48	0.919	13501.1
临河区	K_cb=-4.95T_x³+3.59T_x²+1.635T_x+0.2135	0.9208	1.43	0.900	12753.8
准格尔旗	K_cb=-6.91T_x³+7.18T_x²-0.123T_x+0.2912	0.9356	1.38	0.868	11105.2
土左旗	K_cb=-5.36T_x³+4.82T_x²+0.866T_x+0.2128	0.9478	1.30	0.831	10755.3
注：K_cb为水分适宜时的作物系数；T_x表示生长过程相对积温, 单位：℃·d，计算方法为出苗后逐旬积温与生长季总积温的比值。

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Table 3 The duration and emergence date of development stages and the comparison between modified crop coefficient and FAO value

地区	生长期/d					K_c
地区	生长初期	快速生长期	生长中期	生长末期	生育期	生长初期	快速生长期	生长中期	生长末期
FAO推荐值^[2]	30	40	50	30	150	0.15	0.15~1.2	1.2	1.2~0.6
临河试验田	25	35	45	25	130	0.2	0.2~1.27	1.27	1.27~0.69
临河区	25	35	45	25	130	0.2	0.2~1.25	1.25	1.25~0.65
准格尔旗	25	35	40	30	130	0.2	0.2~1.22	1.22	1.22~0.62
土左旗	25	35	42	25	127	0.2	0.2~1.19	1.19	1.19~0.60

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Table 4 The comparison results of K_c calculated by polynomials of different development stages

地区	生长初期		快速生长期		生长中期		生长末期
地区	平均值	区间	平均值	区间	平均值	区间	平均值	区间
FAO推荐值^[2]	0.15				1.20	1.05~1.4	0.60
临河试验田	0.29	0.15~0.45	0.87	0.67~1.08	1.35	1.20~1.48	0.81	1.10~0.47
临河区	0.36	0.20~0.53	0.82	0.61~1.03	1.34	1.22~1.43	0.83	1.12~0.53
准格尔旗	0.40	0.30~0.51	0.84	0.65~1.03	1.27	1.15~1.38	0.89	1.18~0.59
土左旗	0.35	0.25~0.48	0.81	0.63~0.99	1.23	1.14~1.30	0.78	1.00~0.56

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