Comparisons of Doppler Spectral Density Data by Different Bands Pointing Vertically Radars

Sun Hao; Liu Liping; Zheng Jiafeng

doi:10.11898/1001-7313.20170406

Vol.28, NO.4, 2017

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Sun Hao, Liu Liping, Zheng Jiafeng. Comparisons of Doppler spectral density data by different bands pointing vertically radars. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2017, 28(4): 447-457. DOI: 10.11898/1001-7313.20170406.

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Sun Hao, Liu Liping, Zheng Jiafeng. Comparisons of Doppler spectral density data by different bands pointing vertically radars. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2017, 28(4): 447-457. DOI: 10.11898/1001-7313.20170406.

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Comparisons of Doppler Spectral Density Data by Different Bands Pointing Vertically Radars

DOI: 10.11898/1001-7313.20170406

Sun Hao^{1,2
,
,},
Liu Liping²,
Zheng Jiafeng¹

1.
Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044
2.
State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081

Received Date: 2016-12-13
Rev Recd Date: 2017-05-31
Publish Date: 2017-07-31

Abstract

Abstract

The attenuation of the radar echo has always been a difficult problem in radar detections. Results corrected by the common methods have some differences with the real detecting value. Due to the richness of the micro physical and dynamic information by the power spectrum data of vertical detecting radars, the mechanism of attenuation could be investigated in the power spectrum layer. And then, a direction of the improvement of attenuation correction could be found by power spectrum data.Comparative research is carried out using the power spectrum data by Ka-band millimeter-wave radar, C-band frequency-modulated continuous-wave radar and Ku-band micro rain radar at Yangjiang of Guangdong during May-June in 2014 and Longmen of Guangdong during April-May in 2016. The power spectrum shapes by three radars are almost consistent, especially for the peak velocity and the first atmospheric signal, indicating data of three radars are reliable. In the detection of big particle size precipitation, the radar echo is affected by Mie scattering effects, especially shorter wavelength echoes. The reflect of Mie scattering effects on the power spectrum is a rapid decline of echo intensity during a speed point, which shrink the tail end of the spectrum, reduce signal spectrum width and affect the intensity value. The performance of power spectrum is the overall down of spectrum, and it leads to underestimation. In convective cloud precipitation detections, results calculated by the normal empirical formula may have difference with real value. Spectrum distribution could be taken into account in such condition, and the correction methods should be improved by the power spectrum density layer.Finally, the study of the attenuation correction, especially the study in the strong precipitation process, the power spectrum data could be used. But the question how the attenuation effect the power spectrum, the study just offers a direction. It still needs to explore in the quantitative research.
- Ka-band millimeter-wave radar;
- C-band frequency-modulated continuous-wave radar;
- Ku-band micro rain radar;
- power spectrum density data;
- effects of attenuation

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References(42)

Figures and Tables

Fig. 1 The location of Yangjiang and Longmen detection fields in Guangdong

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Fig. 2 Comparisons of 3 min averaged and corrected echo intensity spectrum data of three radars in static atmosphere at 2.0 km height

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Fig. 3 Comparsions of back scattering cross section calculated by Rayleigh scattering and Mie scattering in a increasing radius among echoes of Ka-band(a), Ku-band(b) and C-band(c) radars

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Fig. 4 Comparisons of 3 min averaged and corrected echo intensity spectrum density of three radars in different precipitation processes

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Fig. 5 Comparisons of the echo intensity spectrum of CR and CWR at the height of 2.0 km(a), 2.5 km(b), 3.0 km(c), 3.5 km(d) and 4.0 km(e) in the convective cloud precipitation process on 15 May 2016

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Table 1 Specifications of Ka-band millimeter-wave radar, C-band frequency-modulated continuous-wave radar and Ku-band micro rain radar

指标	Ka波段毫米波雷达	C波段连续波雷达	Ku波段微雨雷达
雷达体制	脉冲多普勒、单发双收、线性极化、全固态	连续波体制	脉冲多普勒、固态发射机体制
工作频率	33.44 GHz±10 MHz	5530±3 MHz	24.23 GHz
探测方式	垂直探测	垂直探测	垂直探测
探测要素	功率谱密度、回波强度、径向速度、速度谱宽、退偏振比	功率谱密度、回波强度、径向速度、速度谱宽、回波功率	功率谱密度、回波强度、雨强、液态含水量、雨滴谱
探测范围/km	0.03~15.3	0.03~15	0.1~3.1
FFT谱点数	256	512	64
时间分辨率	8.8~8.9 s完成3个模式扫描，每个模式约3 s	3 s，6 s	60 s
高度分辨率/m	30	30	100
波束宽度/(°)	0.3	2.6	2.0

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Table 2 Power spectrum parameters of three radars at 2.0 km height

个例	过程类型	设备	回波强度/ dBZ	功率谱峰值速度/(m·s^-1)	信号谱宽度/ (m·s^-1)	米散射临界速度/(m·s^-1)	临界半径/mm
2016-05-16 龙门	低层积云	CR	-14.7	0.6	1.2
2016-05-16 龙门	低层积云	CWR	-15.2	0.6	1.3
2014-06-09 阳江	层状云降水	CR	18.7	6.0	4.7	7.0	1.13
		MRR	19.0	6.1	5.1
		CWR	19.0	6.0	4.9
2014-06-09 阳江	对流云降水	CR	24.5	7.0	5.9	7.1	1.16
		MRR	24.8	7.1	6.4	8.1	1.58
		CWR	25.2	7.0	6.4
2016-05-15 龙门	对流云降水	CR	42.7	6.6	8.4	7.2	1.20
		MRR	42.9	6.6	8.3	8.2	1.63
		CWR	43.1	6.5	9.8

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Table 3 Echo intensity detected by CR, CWR and corrected from CR at the height of 2.0 km, 2.5 km, 3.0 km, 3.5 km, 4.0 km in the convective cloud precipitation process on 15 May 2016

高度/km	CR测得回波强度/dBZ	CR订正后回波强度/dBZ	CWR测得回波强度/dBZ
2.0	41.6	43.1	43.1
2.5	41.9	43.5	43.6
3.0	42.4	44.0	44.7
3.5	42.9	44.5	45.5
4.0	42.5	44.1	45.7

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Table 4 Comparisons of echo intensity differences detected by CWR and echo intensity differences of CR corrected by direction deduce method at height of 2.0-4.0 km in the convective cloud precipitation process on 15 May 2016

高度	CR订正后回波强度差/dBZ	CWR测得回波强度差/dBZ
2.0 km与2.5 km的差值	0.4	0.5
2.5 km与3.0 km的差值	0.5	1.1
3.0 km与3.5 km的差值	0.5	0.8
3.5 km与4.0 km的差值	-0.4	0.2

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