Radar Analysis and Numerical Simulation of Strong Convective Weather for "Oriental Star" Depression

Duan Yapeng; Wang Donghai; Liu Ying

doi:10.11898/1001-7313.20170603

Vol.28, NO.6, 2017

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Duan Yapeng, Wang Donghai, Liu Ying. Radar analysis and numerical simulation of strong convective weather for 'Oriental Star' depression. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2017, 28(6): 666-677. DOI: 10.11898/1001-7313.20170603.

Citation:

Duan Yapeng, Wang Donghai, Liu Ying. Radar analysis and numerical simulation of strong convective weather for "Oriental Star" depression. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2017, 28(6): 666-677. DOI: 10.11898/1001-7313.20170603.

Citation:

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Radar Analysis and Numerical Simulation of Strong Convective Weather for "Oriental Star" Depression

DOI: 10.11898/1001-7313.20170603

1.
Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu 610225
2.
State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081
3.
School of Atmospheric Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai 519082

Received Date: 2017-03-10
Rev Recd Date: 2017-07-14
Publish Date: 2017-11-30

Abstract

Abstract

At about 2132 BT 1 June 2015, "Oriental Star" cruise from Nanjing for Chongqing suffers severe stormy weather when sailing in the Yangtze River near Jianli County, resulting in 442 people killed. The investigation team finds that the occurrence of the catastrophic accident is caused by a sudden downburst of squall line weather. Using ARPS (the Advanced Regional Prediction System) model and assimilation of conventional data and four-radar data in the surrounding area, the severe weather process is simulated. Combined with the high-resolution radar observation, the structure and strength of the squall line are analyzed synthetically.The atmosphere of dry ambient at low level and humid ambient at middle level is favorable for the occurrence of convective weather phenomena. Radar observations show that the squall line convective system is northeast-southwest direction, and moves fast to southeast, the life duration is about 6 hours, and the squall line transit lasts about an hour. During the evolution of the squall line, convections developed to their strongest at the intensifying stage, when the strong convection region reached its maximum. At its mature stage, gust front appears in front of ground thunderstorms, and the horizontal scale of the squall line system reaches the upper limit. The instability of the stratification and the flat terrain of the Jianghan Plain are important causes for the strong convective activity and the downburst phenomenon.The numerical simulation shows that the high-speed wind area above the ground, the position of instantaneous maximum speed of horizontal and vertical wind, cumulative rainfall maximum center, the composite reflectivity high value area of 200 m resolution show a zonal distribution to uniform, which coordinates with the time and spatial distribution of the accident. Influenced by the direct impact of the down burst, intensity of thunderstorm near the accident point increases rapidly, and a narrow gust wind appears near the ground where wind shear increased significantly. Ship wreck is affected by above 10 m·s^-1 downdraft and above 18 m·s^-1 strong westerly wind from 2132 BT to 2134 BT. The precipitation intensity begins to increase at 2131 BT, and the center of heavy precipitation is located just above the accident spot from 2131 BT to 2135 BT, with a maximum precipitation of more than 10 mm per minute. A gust wind makes great contribution to the transportation of momentum from the middle and low levels to the land surface, accompanied by raindrops of drag and the sinking air flow, enhancing the speed of the wind further.
- squall line;
- downburst;
- radar observation;
- numerical simulation

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References(29)

Figures and Tables

图 1 2015年6月1日20:00 500 hPa(a)和850 hPa(b)形势场

(实线代表位势高度场，单位：gpm；虚线代表温度场，单位：℃；风向杆代表水平风场)

Fig. 1 Synoptic chart of 500 hPa(a) and 850 hPa(b) at 2000 BT 1 Jun 2015

(the solid line denotes the geopotential height, unit:gpm; the dashed line denotes the temperature, unit:℃; the wind rod denotes the horizontal wind)

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 2 2015年6月1日19:18飑线过程岳阳雷达观测

(a)组合反射率因子水平分布，(b)沿图 2a中虚线的反射率因子垂直剖面

Fig. 2 Observation of Yueyang Doppler weather radar at 1918 BT 1 Jun 2015

(a)horizontal composite reflectivity, (b)cross section of radar reflectivity along the dashed line in Fig. 2a

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 3 2015年6月1日21:30飑线过程岳阳雷达观测

(a)组合反射率因子水平分布，(b)沿图 3a中虚线的反射率因子垂直剖面

Fig. 3 Observation of Yueyang Doppler weather radar at 2130 BT 1 Jun 2015

(a)horizontal composite reflectivity, (b)cross section of radar reflectivity along the dashed line in Fig. 3a

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 4 ARPS模式模拟的四重嵌套区域

Fig. 4 Domains used in the ARPS model

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 5 2015年6月1日21:10—21:30飑线过程4 km分辨率组合反射率因子与风羽图模拟结果

Fig. 5 Simulated composite reflectivity and wind barbs with the resolution of 4 km from 2110 to 2130 BT on 1 Jun 2015

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 6 2015年6月1日21:20—21:36监利县水域附近200 m分辨率组合反射率因子(填色)和风场(风羽)模拟结果

Fig. 6 The simulated composite reflectivity(the shaded) and wind field(the barb) near shipwreck waters at Jianli County with the resolution of 200 meters from 2120 BT to 2136 BT on 1 Jun 2015

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 7 2015年6月1日21：00—22：00 200 m分辨率累积降水量模拟结果

Fig. 7 Simulated accumulated precipitation with the resolution of 200 meters from 2100 BT to 2200 BT on 1 Jun 2015

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 8 2015年6月1日21:32—21:33过事故点气象要素经向-垂直方向剖面

(填色为水平全风速，箭头为纬向风与垂直速度合成矢量，等值线为垂直速度，单位：m·s^-1)

Fig. 8 The vertical section of total wind speed(the shaded), simulated zonal and vertical synthesis velocity(the vector) with vertical velocity(the isoline, unit: m·s^-1) along the shipwreck spot from 2132 BT to 2133 BT on 1 Jun 2015

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 9 飑线发展成熟期中低层对流结构概略图

Fig. 9 The low-level convection structure of the squall line in maturation stage

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

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