Automatic Identification of Precipitation Cloud Based on Radar Reflectivity Area Spectrum

Yang Youlin; Ji Xiaoling; Zhang Suzhao; Zhu Haibin; Zheng Penghui; Yang Jing

doi:10.11898/1001-7313.20180605

Vol.29, NO.6, 2018

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Yang Youlin, Ji Xiaoling, Zhang Suzhao, et al. Automatic identification of precipitation cloud based on radar reflectivity area spectrum. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2018, 29(6): 690-700. DOI: 10.11898/1001-7313.20180605.

Citation:

Yang Youlin, Ji Xiaoling, Zhang Suzhao, et al. Automatic identification of precipitation cloud based on radar reflectivity area spectrum. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2018, 29(6): 690-700. DOI: 10.11898/1001-7313.20180605.

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Automatic Identification of Precipitation Cloud Based on Radar Reflectivity Area Spectrum

DOI: 10.11898/1001-7313.20180605

Yang Youlin^{1,2,3
,
,},
Ji Xiaoling^1,2,4,
Zhang Suzhao^1,2,4,
Zhu Haibin^1,2,5,
Zheng Penghui^1,2,4,
Yang Jing^1,2,4

1.
Key Laboratory for Meteorological Disaster Monitoring and Early Warning and Risk Management of Characteristic Agriculture in Arid Regions, CMA, Yinchuan 750002
2.
Ningxia Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Prevention and Reduction, Yinchuan 750002
3.
Ningxia Meteorological Information Center, Yinchuan 750002
4.
Ningxia Meteorological Observatory, Yinchuan 750002
5.
Yinchuan Meteorological Observatory of Ningxia, Yinchuan 750002

Received Date: 2018-04-16
Rev Recd Date: 2018-07-16
Publish Date: 2018-11-30

Abstract

Abstract

Based on the principle of spectral analysis, the concept and algorithm of radar echo intensity area spectrum are proposed. Stratiform cloud, embedded convective cloud and convective cloud with different nature are investigated. Their parameter characteristics of total area, spectral shape, spectral peak value, spectral mid-value, spectral width and strong echo area(where the echo intensity exceeds 40 dBZ), basic precipitation echo area(where the echo intensity exceeds 20 dBZ) of the echo intensity area spectrum are analyzed using radar intensity data of Yinchuan Doppler weather radar. According to characteristic parameters of precipitation cloud area spectrum with different properties of radar echo intensity, a technical method is established to identify precipitation cloud types based on radar echo intensity area spectrum. The percentage of strong echo area in the total area of echo and the percentage of basic precipitation echo area in the total area of echo are used as main factors to distinguish precipitation cloud types, and the discriminant index of precipitation clouds of different types are given, such as stratiform cloud, embedded convective cloud and convective cloud and so on, based on characteristic parameters of radar echo intensity area spectrum. Meanwhile, an automatic recognition models of precipitation cloud type based on radar echo are established, and the automatic classification of precipitation cloud types based on radar echo intensity area spectrum is realized. The model is used to judge the precipitation type of 6 strong precipitation cases from 2016 to 2017. All of 6 strong precipitation processes are accurately identified, including 2 times as convective precipitation and 4 times as mixed cloud precipitation. Discriminant results are satisfied. It is better to reflect the type of precipitation cloud and verifies the feasibility of the identification method. And it is also a great significance for further intelligent analysis of precipitation properties, automatic monitoring of heavy precipitation and refined quantitative precipitation estimation.
- precipitation cloud classification;
- Doppler weather radar;
- reflectivity area ratio;
- automatic identification

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References(22)

Figures and Tables

Fig. 1 Echo intensity area spectrum of Yinchuan radar volume scanning CR product at 1409 BT 14 Jun 2004

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图 2 层状云降水过程雷达回波强度面积谱

(a)样本平均回波强度面积谱，(b)2014年9月6日典型过程回波强度面积谱

Fig. 2 Radar echo intensity area spectrum during laminar cloud precipitation

(a)sample mean echo intensity area spectrum, (b)echo intensity area spectrum of process on 6 Sep 2014

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图 3 混合云降水过程雷达回波强度面积谱

(a)样本平均回波面积谱，(b)2014年8月6日典型过程回波面积谱

Fig. 3 Radar echo intensity area spectrum of embedded convective precipitation cloud

(a)sample mean echo intensity area spectrum, (b)echo intensity area spectrum of process on 6 Aug 2014

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图 4 对流云降水过程雷达回波强度面积谱

(a)样本平均回波面积谱，(b)2014年7月1日典型过程回波面积谱

Fig. 4 Radar echo intensity area spectrum of convective precipitation cloud

(a)sample mean echo intensity area spectrum, (b)echo intensity area spectrum of process on 1 Jul 2014

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Table 1 Radar echo intensity area spectrum characteristics of layered cloud precipitation

过程日期	回波总面积(栅格数)	谱中值/dBZ	谱峰值/dBZ	T/dBZ	面积谱宽度/dBZ	P₂₀/%	P₄₀/%
2014-04-18	199657	13.5	14.0	0.5	41	12.56	0.00
2014-04-19	28462	12.5	12.0	-0.5	43	20.80	0.05
2014-08-07	85991	9.5	10.0	0.5	31	2.36	0.00
2014-08-11	168577	15.5	15.0	-0.5	42	31.80	0.01
2014-08-20	119059	12.5	12.0	-0.5	46	12.14	0.03
2014-08-30	84821	14.5	14.0	-0.5	47	28.63	0.11
2014-09-06	209815	14.5	15.0	0.5	47	22.66	0.14
2014-09-07	86242	11.5	12.0	0.5	33	5.34	0.00
2014-09-08	130821	14.5	16.0	1.5	42	23.27	0.01
2014-09-10	178529	13.5	14.0	0.5	46	17.92	0.04
2014-09-11	196738	16.5	17.0	0.5	49	33.68	0.20
2014-09-13	132455	13.5	13.0	-0.5	52	16.70	0.06
2014-09-14	675906	16.5	16.0	-0.5	45	29.24	0.01
2014-09-21	406476	14.5	15.0	0.5	48	23.74	0.05
2014-09-27	265382	12.5	15.0	2.5	55	16.43	0.24
2014-09-28	176407	12.2	13.0	0.8	36	8.29	0.00

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Table 2 Radar echo intensity area spectrum characteristics of embedded convective precipitation cloud

过程日期	回波总面积(栅格数)	谱中值/dBZ	谱峰值/dBZ	T/dBZ	面积谱宽度/dBZ	P₂₀/%	P₄₀/%
2006-07-14	186049	17.5	17.0	-0.5	72	39.30	0.79
2012-06-27	599747	22.5	18.0	-4.5	49	67.22	0.44
2012-07-29	634179	17.5	17.0	-0.5	60	55.25	1.00
2014-04-16	216877	16.5	15.0	-1.5	45	32.95	0.07
2014-06-03	244169	20.5	18.0	-2.5	57	58.93	1.78
2014-08-05	613856	18.5	17.0	-1.5	48	47.32	0.08
2014-08-06	356512	19.5	18.0	-1.5	50	50.66	0.20
2014-08-21	474473	17.5	17.0	-0.5	59	41.58	0.58
2014-08-10	340469	19.5	16.0	-3.0	59	33.67	0.61
2014-09-22	453561	17.5	17.0	-0.5	50	45.99	0.52

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Table 3 Radar echo intensity area spectrum characteristics of convective precipitation cloud

过程日期	回波总面积(栅格数)	谱中值/dBZ	谱峰值/dBZ	T/dBZ	面积谱宽度/dBZ	P₂₀/%	P₄₀/%
2004-06-14	137816	15.5	15	-0.5	72	32.98	1.66
2011-08-23	257622	19.5	20	0.5	66	55.75	2.74
2014-04-15	52091	15.5	16	0.5	55	31.05	0.97
2014-05-08	178329	18.5	18	-0.5	64	44.42	1.71
2014-06-19	23823	15.5	16	0.5	60	30.64	1.09
2014-06-20	196820	18.5	17	-1.5	60	45.68	1.53
2014-07-01	95463	18.5	19	0.5	59	43.78	1.36
2014-07-28	176821	19.5	20	0.5	64	53.33	3.08
2014-08-09	101141	18.5	18	-0.5	62	48.34	3.31
2014-08-12	40514	19.8	20	0.5	60	55.31	3.49
2014-08-15	195714	18.5	18	-0.5	66	46.03	2.42
2014-08-16	209400	20.5	21	0.5	66	53.03	2.30
2014-08-26	35390	18.5	17	-1.5	63	43.42	1.93
2014-08-27	141886	19.5	21	-1.5	62	47.49	1.65
2014-09-01	169070	14.5	16	1.5	63	26.42	1.10

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Table 4 Precipitation cloud automatic classification index based on radar echo intensity area spectrum

P₂₀	P₄₀	T/dBZ	云类型
[0，35%)	[0，0.25%)	T＞-1.0	层状云降水
[0，35%)	[0，0.25%)	T＜-1.0	积层混合云
[0，35%)	[0.25%，1%]	T≤-0.5	积层混合云
[0，35%)	[0.25%，1%]	T＞-0.5	对流云
[0，35%)	[1.0%，100%]		对流云
[35%，100%]	[0，1%]		积层混合云
[35%，100%]	(1.0%，100%]	T≤-1.5	积层混合云
[35%，100%]	(1.0%，100%]	T＞-1.5	对流云

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Table 5 Radar echo intensity area spectrum parameters and precipitation cloud classification results during 6 major precipitation periods

参数	过程1	过程2	过程3	过程4	过程5	过程6
P₂₀/%	26.7	52.12	54.14	45.3	35.5	45.4
P₄₀/%	2.0	1.52	0.46	1.96	0.16	1.32
T/dBZ	-0.5	-3.5	-3.5	-1.5	-2.0	-2.5
云类型判别结果	对流云	积层混合云	积层混合云	对流云	积层混合云	积层混合云
降水持续时间/h	4	24	24	6	39	38
最大小时雨强/(mm·h^-1)	65.4	56.5	16.1	82.5	26.7	62.0
最大累积雨量/mm	85.3	76.8	24.4	241.7	118.6	81.2

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