A Three-dimensional Model Establishment of Multiple Connecting Leaders Initiated from Tall Structures

Yu Junhao; Tan Yongbo; Zheng Tianxue; Wang Yiru; Shi Zheng

doi:10.11898/1001-7313.20200609

Vol.31, NO.6, 2020

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Article Navigation > Journal of Applied Meteorological Science > 2020 > 31(6): 740-748

Yu Junhao, Tan Yongbo, Zheng Tianxue, et al. A three-dimensional model establishment of multiple connecting leaders initiated from tall structures. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2020, 31(6): 740-748. DOI: 10.11898/1001-7313.20200609.

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Yu Junhao, Tan Yongbo, Zheng Tianxue, et al. A three-dimensional model establishment of multiple connecting leaders initiated from tall structures. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2020, 31(6): 740-748. DOI: 10.11898/1001-7313.20200609.

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A Three-dimensional Model Establishment of Multiple Connecting Leaders Initiated from Tall Structures

DOI: 10.11898/1001-7313.20200609

1.
Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster, Ministry of Education (KLME)/Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change (ILCEC)/Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters (CIC-FEMD)/Key Laboratory for Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation of China Meteorological Administration, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044
2.
Laboratory of Lightning Physics and Protection Engineering/State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081

Received Date: 2020-05-12
Rev Recd Date: 2020-07-06
Publish Date: 2020-10-27

Abstract

Abstract

A new model for simulating multiple upward leaders initiated from tall structures in cloud-to-ground (CG) lightning flash is established, in which the initiation and development module of are implanted in the existing 3D stochastic parameterization of leader attachment process, using electric field parallel computing technology to improve the simulation efficiency. The new model is applied to simulate real CG lightning and is compared with observation results of statistical data and leader morphological characteristics. Several model output parameters include the length of upward unconnected leaders (UULs), the inception height of UULs, horizontal distance between the strike point and the UUL's inception point, 3D distance between the nearest tip of the downward leader branches and the UUL's inception point when the UUL is initiated. Values range from 12 m to 709 m, 360 m to 600 m, 255 m to 1026 m, 326 m to 589 m, which are in high agreement with the observation. The new model can represent characteristics that UUL starts earlier than upward connected leaders (UCL) and channels of UUL are straight in a real CG lightning case F1215. It can also simulate 4 typical connecting behaviors which are observed in natural CG lightning flash, including the tip of downward leader (DL) to the tip of upward connecting leader (UCL) and the DL's tip to the lateral surface of UCL in cases where one or more upward leaders starts. The comparison with the observation proves that the simulation is reasonable to some extent and provides a basic model. By analyzing the simulated CG lightning data and morphological characteristics, it shows that the highest tower can protect a certain area of buildings nearby and attract more distant downward leader branches. The inception of multiple upward leaders and the strike point of last jump are influenced by the distribution, height of high structures and the initial position of the DL, which are of great significance to the lightning protection.
- numerical simulation;
- CG lightning attachment process;
- multiple upward leaders

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References(34)

Figures and Tables

Fig. 1 Simulation of cloud-to-ground lightning

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Fig. 2 Model of simulated buildings

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Fig. 3 Simulation of F1215 lightning channel

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Fig. 4 Simulation of upward leaders in high building groups (a)the single connecting leader, the "tip-tip" connecting mode, (b)the single connecting leader, the "tip-side" connecting mode, (c)the multiple connecting leaders, the "tip-tip" connecting mode, (d)the multiple connecting leaders, the "tip-side" connecting mode

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Fig. 5 Parameter statistics of upward leaders in cloud-to-ground lightning simulation

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Table 1 Comparison of observations and model output

对比数据	UUL起始高度/m	UUL长度/m	距连接点水平距离/m	距下行先导最近分支距离/m
二维观测数据	40~503	0.48~399	20~1300	99~578
三维观测数据		0.53~678.3	22~2210	108.9~982.6
三维模式结果	360~600	12~709	255~1026	326~589

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