Cai Fu, Mi Na, Ming Huiqing, et al. Effects of improving evapotranspiration parameterization scheme on WOFOST model performance in simulating maize drought stress process. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2021, 32(1): 52-64. DOI:  10.11898/1001-7313.20210105.
Citation: Cai Fu, Mi Na, Ming Huiqing, et al. Effects of improving evapotranspiration parameterization scheme on WOFOST model performance in simulating maize drought stress process. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2021, 32(1): 52-64. DOI:  10.11898/1001-7313.20210105.

Effects of Improving Evapotranspiration Parameterization Scheme on WOFOST Model Performance in Simulating Maize Drought Stress Process

DOI: 10.11898/1001-7313.20210105
  • Received Date: 2020-09-28
  • Rev Recd Date: 2020-10-28
  • Publish Date: 2021-01-31
  • To solve the problem on poor performance of crop growth model in simulating crop growth process under water stress, three schemes including improving evapotranspiration parameterization scheme with Penman-Monteith method, building dynamic crop coefficient (Kc) and considering simultaneously two above-mentioned solutions which are respectively named as the PM, CC and PMCC schemes are used to improve WOFOST model. Their effects on model performance in simulating maize drought stress process are evaluated based on experiments of different sowing dates on 20 April, 30 April and 10 May conducted in Jinzhou in the year with normal precipitation (2012) and the dry year (2015 and 2018). The results show that compared with the default model, PM scheme plays a role in increasing potential evapotranspiration and transpiration rate in 2012, while CC scheme decreases (increases) transpiration rate as Kc is larger (smaller) than the model default value 1, respectively. Three schemes hardly affect simulation accuracies of soil moisture in rooted zone, total above ground production, leaf area index (ILA) and yield. In 2015, PM scheme makes ILA, total above ground production yield and soil moisture dramatically smaller than those with the default model after the jointing stage of maize. It also increases (decreases) transpiration rate before (after) the whorl stage of maize. After improving the model with CC scheme, ILA, total above ground production, yield and soil moisture are slightly larger than those simulated by the default model after the whorl stage, and the simulated transpiration rates are smaller (larger) than those simulated by the default model before (after) the whorl stage of maize. Nevertheless, the above-mentioned variables simulated by the improved model with PMCC scheme range between those simulated by the model with PM and CC schemes, and ILA, total above ground production and yield are obviously closer to the observations. Specifically, the mean increments of simulation accuracies for all growth periods in three sowing dates are 6%, 21% and 3% for ILA and 8%, 8% and 14% for total above ground production, respectively. The simulation accuracies of yield for three sowing dates increase by 66%, 63% and 66%, respectively. In 2018, the simulation accuracies of total above ground production and yield for the sowing dates on 20 April and 30 April are obviously improved by PMCC scheme, and increase by 5%, 1% in total above ground production as well as 32%, 5% in yield. Therefore, the model performance with PMCC scheme in simulating maize growth is significantly improved under water stress.
  • Fig. 1  Relative soil moisture in maize growth periods

    Fig. 2  Comparisons of observed and simulated total above ground productions

    Fig. 3  Daily maximum and minimum temperature during the key growth periods of maize

    Fig. 4  Comparisons of observed and simulated leaf area indices

    Fig. 5  Comparisons of observed and simulated yields

    Fig. 6  Comparisons of observed and simulated soil moistures for sowing date on 30 Apr

    Fig. 7  Simulated transpiration rates of different schemes for sowing date on 30 Apr

    Fig. 8  Simulated crop coefficients based on CC and PMCC schemes for sowing date on 30 Apr

    Table  1  Occurrence dates and days of year in maize growth periods for different sowing date experiments

    年份 生育期 04-20播种 04-30播种 05-10播种
    日期 日序 日期 日序 日期 日序
    2012 三叶 05-12 132 05-15 135 05-23 143
    七叶 05-25 145 05-29 149 06-02 153
    拔节 06-12 163 06-15 166 06-19 170
    抽雄 07-07 188 07-10 191 07-16 197
    乳熟 08-14 226 08-20 232 08-24 236
    成熟 09-18 261 09-23 266 09-25 268
    2015 三叶 05-03 123 05-15 135 05-23 143
    七叶 05-24 144 05-28 148 06-03 154
    拔节 06-09 160 06-14 165 06-16 167
    抽雄 07-11 192 07-14 195 07-17 198
    乳熟 08-17 229 08-24 236 08-25 237
    成熟 09-17 260 09-24 267 09-26 269
    2018 三叶 05-05 125 05-12 132 05-22 142
    七叶 05-18 138 05-24 144 06-05 156
    拔节 06-11 162 06-12 163 06-17 168
    抽雄 07-11 192 07-13 194 07-15 196
    乳熟 08-17 229 08-20 232 08-23 235
    成熟 09-22 265 09-25 268 09-29 272
    DownLoad: Download CSV

    Table  2  Dry weights of different components of maize ear and ratios of kernel to ear in 2014

    播期 穗轴重/g 籽粒重/g 果穗重/g 籽粒果穗比
    04-20 36.2 224.9 261.1 0.861
    04-30 34.7 197.0 231.8 0.850
    05-10 35.4 209.7 245.1 0.856
    平均 35.5 210.6 246.0 0.856
    DownLoad: Download CSV
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    • Received : 2020-09-28
    • Accepted : 2020-10-28
    • Published : 2021-01-31

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