Water Requirement and Precipitation Suitability of Apple Planting in Northern China

Qiu Meijuan; Liu Buchun; Liu Yuan; Wang Keyi; Pang Jingyi; Zhang Xiaonan; He Jinna

doi:10.11898/1001-7313.20210204

Vol.32, NO.2, 2021

Turn off MathJax

Article Contents

Article Navigation > Journal of Applied Meteorological Science > 2021 > 32(2): 175-187

Qiu Meijuan, Liu Buchun, Liu Yuan, et al. Water requirement and precipitation suitability of apple planting in northern China. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2021, 32(2): 175-187. DOI: 10.11898/1001-7313.20210204.

Citation:

Qiu Meijuan, Liu Buchun, Liu Yuan, et al. Water requirement and precipitation suitability of apple planting in northern China. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2021, 32(2): 175-187. DOI: 10.11898/1001-7313.20210204.

Citation:

PDF( 4870 KB)

Water Requirement and Precipitation Suitability of Apple Planting in Northern China

DOI: 10.11898/1001-7313.20210204

Qiu Meijuan¹,
Liu Buchun^{1
,
,},
Liu Yuan¹,
Wang Keyi¹,
Pang Jingyi^{1, 2},
Zhang Xiaonan¹,
He Jinna^{1, 3}

1.
Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, CAAS/National Engineering Laboratory of Efficient Crop Water Use and Disaster Reduction/Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment, MOA, Beijing 100081
2.
Yingkou Meteorological Bureau of Liaoning Province, Yingkou 115001
3.
College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110161

Received Date: 2020-11-05
Rev Recd Date: 2021-01-08
Publish Date: 2021-03-31

Abstract

Abstract

Precipitation is the main water source of apple production in northern China. Under the background of climate change, it is of great significance for apple planning to study the apple water requirement and precipitation suitability. Based on daily meteorological data and 1 km resolution digital elevation data of 210 meteorological stations in the study area and its surrounding area, the minimum humidity method is used to estimate the daily crop coefficient (K_c), and the spatial interpolation software ANUSPLIN based on spline function interpolation theory is applied. Then the water requirement and precipitation suitability of apple are calculated. According to the geographical distribution of the main planting area and percentile method, the threshold value range of precipitation suitability and optimal critical value of precipitation suitability are determined respectively. Using geographic information system (GIS) software ArcGIS, coefficient of variation, climate tendency rate and other related mathematical statistical methods, the spatial and temporal variation characteristics of apple water requirement and precipitation suitability in the study area are analyzed, and the precipitation suitability index model of apple in whole growth period is constructed to evaluate the precipitation suitability. Results show that, the average annual water requirement in most areas is 500-800 mm, accounting for 87.1% of the study area. The average water requirement in the main planting areas is basically 500-800 mm.The ratios of the average water requirement in the germination and young fruit stage, fruit expanding stage and coloring and maturity stage to the annual average water demand are 0.186-0.282, 0.392-0.562 and 0.159-0.282, respectively. The threshold ranges of precipitation suitability of apple in the annual, germination and young fruit stage, fruit expanding stage and coloring and maturity stage are 0.49-2.07, 0.25-1.70, 0.54-2.25 and 0.46-2.65, respectively. The optimal threshold values are 0.71, 0.55, 0.82 and 0.56, respectively. Therefore 85.4%, 87.4%, 85.6% and 84.9% of the study area are suitable during each stage. The area from the most suitable critical value to the balance of water supply and demand account for 39.8%, 36.9%, 20.4% and 47.1% of the study area. The most suitable, sub suitable and unsuitable areas in the whole growth stage of apple account for 31.9%, 50.6% and 17.5% of the study area, respectively.
- crop coefficient;
- key growth stage;
- apple;
- water requirement;
- precipitation suitability

FullText(HTML)

References(42)

Figures and Tables

Fig. 1 Distribution of 210 meteorological stations(a) and digital elevation model(b) in seven major apple producing provinces in northern China and surrounding areas within 100 km

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

Fig. 2 Spatial distribution of statistical eigenvalues of annual water requirement for apple(a) and corresponding climate tendency rate(b) in the study area from 1970 to 2019

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

Fig. 3 Spatial distribution of average water requirement and corresponding climate tendency in key growth stages of apple in the study area from 1970 to 2019

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

Fig. 4 Spatial distribution of annual precipitation suitability for apple(a) and corresponding climate tendency rate(b) in the study area from 1970 to 2019

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

Fig. 5 Spatial distribution of precipitation suitability at germination and young fruit period of apple(a) and corresponding climate tendency rate(b) in the study area from 1970 to 2019

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

Fig. 6 Spatial distribution of precipitation suitability at expanding period of apple(a) and corresponding climate tendency rate(b) in the study area from 1970 to 2019

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

Fig. 7 Spatial distribution of statistical characteristic values of precipitation suitability at coloring and maturity period of apple(a) and corresponding climate tendency rate(b) in the study area from 1970 to 2019

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

Fig. 8 Division of precipitation suitability in apple growth period

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

Table 1 Division of precipitation suitability threshold in different growth stages

统计量	全年	萌芽-幼果期	果实膨大期	着色-成熟期
阈值上限	2.07	1.7	2.25	2.65
供需平衡	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00
最适宜临界值	0.71	0.55	0.82	0.56
阈值下限	0.49	0.25	0.54	0.46

DownLoad: Download CSV

Table 2 Relative error of simulated water requirement of apple on the eastern tableland in Huangling County, Shaanxi Province(unit:%)

年份	全年	萌芽-幼果期	果实膨大期	着色-成熟期
2008	1.4	5.6	6.1	7.1
2009	5.2	6.1	4.1	9.0
2010	8.9	8.5	9.9	4.6

DownLoad: Download CSV

References

[1]	Zhao Z Y. Science and Practice of Fruit Trees in China·Apple. Xi'an: Shaanxi Science and Technology Press, 2015.
[2]	Wu D R, Huo Z G, Wang P J, et al. The applicability of mechanism phenology models to simulating apple flowering date in Shaanxi province. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2019, 30(5): 555-564. doi: 10.11898/1001-7313.20190504
[3]	Li Y N, Lin X K, Zhang C J, et al. Research on China's apple export competitiveness promotion to Russia. Shandong Agricultural Sciences, 2020, 52(6): 167-172. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-AGRI202006029.htm
[4]	Zhang H.Study on the Influence of Apple Industrial Organization Form on Fruit Farmers' Management Behavior.Taian: Shandong Agricultural University, 2014.
[5]	Chen R J, Yang Y. International status and gap of China's apple production. Food and Nutrition in China, 2012, 18(12): 22-25. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZGWY201212006.htm
[6]	Cheng L P, Liu W Z. Soil moisture distribution in deep layers and its response to different land use patterns on Loess Tableland. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2011, 27(9): 203-207. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-NYGU201109036.htm
[7]	Yang W W.Studying the Planting System and Water Stress Effects on Apple Tree Atchitecture and Function with Digitizing Modelling.Yangling: Northwest A&F University, 2016.
[8]	Liu B Q, Zhu C W. Potential skill map of predictors applied to the seasonal forecast of summer rainfall in China. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2020, 31(5): 570-582. doi: 10.11898/1001-7313.20200505
[9]	Yang J Y, Huo Z G, Wang P J, et al. Occurrence characteristics of early rice heat disaster in Jiangxi Province. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2020, 31(1): 42-51. doi: 10.11898/1001-7313.20200104
[10]	Guo J P. Research progress of precipitation interception by plants. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2020, 31(6): 641-652. doi: 10.11898/1001-7313.20200601
[11]	Li Y, Cheng H L. Review of machine learning approaches for modern agrometeorology. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2020, 31(3): 257-266. doi: 10.11898/1001-7313.20200301
[12]	Testi L, Villalobos F J, Orgaz F. Evapotranspiration of a young irrigated olive orchard in southern Spain. Agric For Meteorol, 2004, 21(12): 1-18. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0168192303001680
[13]	Paco T A, Conceicao N, Ferreira M I. Measurements and estimates of peach orchard evapotranspiration in Mediterranean conditions. Acta Horticulturae, 2006, 664: 505-512. http://www.researchgate.net/publication/260639201_Measurements_and_estimates_of_peach_orchard_evapotranspiration_in_Mediterranean_conditions
[14]	Wang H T, Ma L Y. Measurement of whole tree's water consumption with thermal dissipation sap flow probe (TDP). Acta Phytoecologica Sinica, 2002, 26(6): 661-667. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZWSB200206004.htm
[15]	Miao B, Meng P, Zhang J S, et al. Difference of water relationships of poplar trees in Zhangbei County, Hebei, China based on stable isotope and thermal dissipation method. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2017, 28(7): 2111-2118. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YYSB201707003.htm
[16]	Xu C Y, Singh V P. Evaluation of three complementary relationship evapotranspiration models by water balance approach to estimate actual regional evapotranspiration in different climatic regions. J Hydrol, 2005, 308(1/2): 105-121.
[17]	Douglas E M, Jacobs J M, Sumner D M, et al. A comparison of models for estimating potential evapotranspiration for Florida land cover types. J Hydrol, 2009, 373(3/4): 366-376. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022169409002911
[18]	Wu X, Wang P J, Cheng P S, et al. Estimation of crop evapotranspiration under standard conditions for winter wheat in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2017, 28(6): 690-699. doi: 10.11898/1001-7313.20170605
[19]	Cheng X, Sun S, Zhang Z T, et al. Spatial-temporal distribution of apples with different drought levels in northern China. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2020, 31(4): 405-416. doi: 10.11898/1001-7313.20200403
[20]	Cheng X, Sun S, Zhang F L, et al. Spatial and temporal distributions of apple drought in northern China. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2020, 31(1): 63-73. doi: 10.11898/1001-7313.20200106
[21]	Wei R J, Wang X. Progress and prospects of research on climatic suitability at home and abroad. Advances in Earth Science, 2019, 34(6): 584-595. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DXJZ201906006.htm
[22]	Wang C Z, Huo Z G, Zhang L, et al. Construction of forecasting model of meteorological suitability for wheat aphids in the northern China. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2020, 31(3): 280-289. doi: 10.11898/1001-7313.20200303
[23]	Jiang D S, Huang G J, Shuai Q F, et al. Fuzzy analysis the suitable degrees of the precipitation to the agro-crops growing in the arid plain of northern Wei River. Research of Soil and Water Conservation, 1992(2): 61-71. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-STBY199202007.htm
[24]	Li Y, Niu J Y, Li G, et al. Climate suitability degree and its change for spring wheat in dryland in the hilly-gully region of the Loess Plateau-A case study in Mazichuan Village, Lijiabao township, Dingxi City. Arid Zone Research, 2014, 31(4): 627-635. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-GHQJ201404007.htm
[25]	Cheng J X, Duan C C, Yan S J. Climate suitability regionalization of pecan based on MaxEnt model. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2020, 31(5): 631-640. doi: 10.11898/1001-7313.20200510
[26]	Zhang C X, Xiao J X, Ye Q, et al. Variation characteristics of climate suitability of early rice in southern China over the past 60 years. Meteorology and Disaster Reduction Research, 2015, 38(1): 45-52. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-HXQO201501006.htm
[27]	Sheng S H, Chu R H, Lv H Q, et al. Precipitation variation and its suitability for winter wheat in Huang-Huai-Hai region under climate change. Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology, 2015, 36(4): 454-464. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZGNY201504009.htm
[28]	Qiu M J, Guo Q, Guo C M, et al. Temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of spring maize agro-climatic resources suitability in Jilin Province. Journal of Meteorology and Environment, 2018, 34(2): 82-91. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-LNQX201802011.htm
[29]	Liu X, Zhao Y L, Liu L C, et al. Climate suitability of maize and its changes in Inner Mongolia. Journal of Arid Meteorology, 2018, 36(6): 1020-1026. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-GSQX201806017.htm
[30]	Wang C L, Li H Y, Zeng J, et al. Spatial and temporal changes of climatic suitability of potato in semi-arid region of Loess Plateau. Journal of Arid Meteorology, 2017, 35(5): 751-760. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-GSQX201705005.htm
[31]	Wang J H, Liang Y, Bai Q F. Atlas of Climatic Suitability and Meteorological Disaster Risk Zoning of Main Fruit Trees in Shaanxi Province. Xi'an: Shaanxi Science and Technology Press, 2012: 177-181.
[32]	Jia Y, Cui P. Contrastive analysis of temperature interpolation at different time scales in the alpine region by Anusplin. Plateau Meteorology, 2018, 37(3): 757-766. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-GYQX201803015.htm
[33]	Li R J, Gao M F, Li Q, et al. Research on rainfall spatial interpolation method based on ANUSPLIN. China Agricultural Information, 2019, 31(1): 48-57. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-NXTS201901008.htm
[34]	Liu Y, Pereira L S. Validation of FAO methods for estimating crop coefficients. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2000, 16(5): 26-30. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-NYGU200005006.htm
[35]	Allen R G, Pereira L S, Raes D, et al.Crop Evapotranspiration-Guidelines for Computing Crop Water Requirements-FAO Irrigation and Drainage Paper 56.Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 1998: 37-58.
[36]	Zhou S S.Transpiration of Fuji Apple Tree in the Weibei Plateau.Yangling: Northwest A & F University, 2011.
[37]	Wang J X, Zhang X P, Gao B S, et al. Study on water requirement and limited irrigation effects of dwarfing red Fuji apple tree on Weibei of Loess Plateau. Research of Soil and Water Conservation, 2000, 7(1): 69-80. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-STBY200001017.htm
[38]	Feng Z W, Jiang Y M, Tian Y Z, et al. Research on stem sap flow character of 'Fuji' apple trees and the response to main meteorological factors. Journal of Shandong Agricultural University(Natural Science), 2013, 44(1): 18-24. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SCHO201301005.htm
[39]	Ma Q J, Sun M H, Lu J, et al. An apple CIPK protein kinase targets a novel residue of AREB transcription factor for ABA-dependent phosphorylation. Plant, Cell & Environment, 2017, 40: 2207-2219. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28667821/
[40]	Sun H Q, Lv J, Su Z C, et al. The effectiveness of the quantile method on the consistency of the drought classification by Multiple Indices. Journal of Catastrophology, 2017, 32(2): 13-17. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZHXU201702003.htm
[41]	Yao X Y, Zhang Q, Wang J X, et al. Variation of water suitability for special fruit trees in the dryland area of Southeast Gansu in recent 30 years. Arid Zone Research, 2015, 32(2): 229-234. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-GHQJ201502003.htm
[42]	Qiu M J, Liu B C, Liu Y, et al. Analysis on distribution characteristics of precipitation in major production provinces of apple in northern China. Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology, 2020, 41(5): 263-274. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZGNY202005002.htm