Vol.32, NO.2, 2021
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Article Navigation >  Journal of Applied Meteorological Science  > 2021  >  32(2): 245-256
Peng Yanyu, Liu Yu, Miao Yucong. A numerical study on impacts of greenhouse gases on Asian summer monsoon. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2021, 32(2): 245-256. DOI:  10.11898/1001-7313.20210209.
Citation: Peng Yanyu, Liu Yu, Miao Yucong. A numerical study on impacts of greenhouse gases on Asian summer monsoon. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2021, 32(2): 245-256. DOI:  10.11898/1001-7313.20210209.
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A Numerical Study on Impacts of Greenhouse Gases on Asian Summer Monsoon

DOI: 10.11898/1001-7313.20210209
  • 1).

    State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081

  • 2).

    Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry of CMA, Beijing 100081

  • Received Date: 2020-11-05
  • Rev Recd Date: 2020-12-27
  • Publish Date: 2021-03-31
    Abstract
  • The concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere has increased continuously since industrial revolution and significantly impacted the global climate, of which global warming is the most direct and prominent manifestation. The Community Atmosphere Model V5.1 (CAM5.1) is examined and used to simulate multiple meteorological elements of Asian summer monsoon using the reanalysis data of NCEP/NCAR (National Center for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research), and the results show that it could reproduce the main features of Asian summer monsoon well. Sensitivity experiments are then carried out to study the response mechanism of Asian summer monsoon to greenhouse gas increase in terms of energy transformation, which adopt greenhouse gases emission scenarios of 2000 and 1850 respectively. The models are run for 20 years from 1991 to 2010, and the results of the latter 10 years in summer (June to August) are analyzed.With increasing greenhouse gases concentration, the surface air temperature in the Asian continent is mostly increasing, except for the Arabian Peninsula and northwestern Indian Peninsula. The monsoon is strengthened in central Indian Peninsula, Indo-China Peninsula and eastern China. In addition, monsoon precipitation increases in the central and northern Indian Peninsula, northern and central Indo-China Peninsula, and eastern China, while decreases in southern Indian Peninsula, southern Tibetan plateau, central and western China, the Philippines and Japan. Correlation analysis of atmospheric energy budget and conversion shows that increased greenhouse gases concentration enhances the atmospheric heat sources by means of increasing the convective condensational latent heat. The increase in atmospheric heat sources results in an increase of full potential energy. Thus, there are positive transformations of full potential energy to kinetic energy of divergent wind, and the transformation of kinetic energy from divergent wind to non-divergent wind also increases, which ultimately enhances the summer monsoon over central Indian Peninsula, Indo-China Peninsula and eastern China. Further analysis shows that the increase of convective condensational latent heat is the result of the decrease of atmospheric stability, the enhancement of convective activity, the increase of cloud thickness and the increase of convective precipitation caused by the increase of greenhouse gases concentration. Meanwhile, the increase of convective precipitation is the main cause for the increase of total precipitation.
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  • Fig. 1  Difference in different elements between experiment TB and experiment TC in summer

    (the dots denote passing the test of 0.005 level)
    (a)surface air temperature, (b)wind field at 850 hPa, (c)rotational wind at 850 hPa,(d)precipitation

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    Fig. 2  Difference in atmospheric heat source between experiment TB and experiment TC in summer

    (the dots denote passing the test of 0.005 level)

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    Fig. 3  Difference in 4 heat sources between experiment TB and experiment TC in summer

    (the dots denote passing the test of 0.005 level)
    (a)long-wave heating rate, (b)short-wave heating rate, (c)condensational latent heating rate,(d)surface sensible heating rate

    DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

    Fig. 4  Difference in condensation latent heating rate between experiment TB and experiment TC in summer

    (the dots denote passing the test of 0.005 level) (a)convective process, (b)large-scale process

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    Fig. 5  Difference in convective cloud depth between experiment TB and experiment TC in summer

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    Fig. 6  Difference in different elements on vertical cross section of 115°E between experiment TB and experiment TC in summer

    (a)temperature,(b)atmospheric heating rate

    DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

    Fig. 7  The conversion term of total potential energy to divergent wind at 850 hPa in summer

    (the dots denote passing the test of 0.005 level)
    (a)experiment TB,(b)difference between experiment TB and experiment TC

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    Fig. 8  The conversion term of divergent wind to rotational wind at 850 hPa in summer

    (the dots denote passing the test of 0.005 level)
    (a)experiment TB,(b)difference between experiment TB and experiment TC

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    Table  1  Numerical experiment designs

    试验 温室气体排放情景 气溶胶排放情景
    TA 2000年 2000年
    TB 2000年 1850年
    TC 1850年 1850年
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    • Received : 2020-11-05
    • Accepted : 2020-12-27
    • Published : 2021-03-31
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