Vol.32, NO.4, 2021
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Article Navigation >  Journal of Applied Meteorological Science  > 2021  >  32(4): 491-503
Li Hainan, Zhu Lijie, Li Mingqian, et al. Construction of soybean chilling damage indicator and its evolution characteristics in Northeast China. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2021, 32(4): 491-503. DOI:  10.11898/1001-7313.20210410.
Citation: Li Hainan, Zhu Lijie, Li Mingqian, et al. Construction of soybean chilling damage indicator and its evolution characteristics in Northeast China. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2021, 32(4): 491-503. DOI:  10.11898/1001-7313.20210410.
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Construction of Soybean Chilling Damage Indicator and Its Evolution Characteristics in Northeast China

DOI: 10.11898/1001-7313.20210410
  • 1.

    College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866

  • 2.

    Heilongjiang Institute of Meteorological Science, Harbin 150030

  • 3.

    Key Laboratory of Agrometeorological Disasters, Shenyang 110166

  • Received Date: 2021-04-02
  • Rev Recd Date: 2021-06-03
  • Publish Date: 2021-07-31
    Abstract
  • Chilling damage is the major cause of soybean yield reduction in Northeast China. Chilling damage indicator is an important basis for the monitoring and early warning. Taking soybean in Northeast China as the research object, based on daily average temperature data of 98 meteorological stations from 1971 to 2020, the soybean growth period data and historical disaster data of 42 agro-meteorological stations from 1992 to 2020, using heat index as the indicator, the disaster sample sequences of soybean under 5 growth stages and 3 chilling damage levels are constructed by disaster data. Probability distribution fitting and Kolmogorov-Smirnov test methods are used to obtain the probability distribution of chilling damage indicator, and then the t-distribution interval estimation method is used to determine the damage level threshold, and finally the indicator is verified. In addition, the temporal and spatial characteristics of chilling disaster are studied by applying trend analysis, Mann-Kendallt test method and other methods. The results show that the perfect match rate of disaster level and chilling damage indicator is 84.4%. Therefore, this level threshold of the indicator can well reflect the occurrence of soybean chilling damage in Northeast China. Under the same chilling damage level, the threshold value of chilling damage level in the three-leaf-flowering-podding stage is higher, and that in the sowing-emergence-three-leaf stage is relatively lower. Soybean has higher heat demand in the middle and late stage of growth and development, and lower heat demand in the early stage of growth and development. The frequency of chilling damage is the highest in the 1970s, and the mutation occurred around 1993 and then showed a downward trend until 2004. The spatial distribution of chilling injury frequency in each development stage shows the same change characteristics, and the highest value area is the widest in podding-mature stage. The areas with high incidence of cold damage is the Greater Khingan Range in the northernmost of Heilongjiang Province and the Changbai Mountain in the southeast of Jilin Province. And the frequency of chilling damage shows a decreasing trend around this center. With the inter-decadal change, the high-value area gradually shrinks and the low-value area gradually expands northward.
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  • Fig. 1  Distribution of meteorological stations and agro-meteorological stations in the taget region

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    Fig. 2  Chilling damage frequency during the whole growth period of soybean in Northeast China from 1971 to 2020

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    Fig. 3  Chilling damage frequency in different growth stages of soybean with total chilling damage frequency in Northeast China from 1971 to 2020

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    Fig. 4  M-K statistic curves of chilling damage frequency during the whole growth period of soybean in Northeast China from 1971 to 2020

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    Fig. 5  Distribution of chilling damage frequency in the whole growth period and different growth stages of soybean in Northeast China from 1971 to 2020

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    Fig. 6  Decadal variation of chilling damage frequency in the whole growth period of soybean in Northeast China from 1971 to 2020

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    Table  1  Sample size in different growth stages of soybean with different levels of chilling damage

    发育阶段 轻度 中度 重度
    指标构建 指标检验 指标构建 指标检验 指标构建 指标检验
    播种-出苗 22 5 19 3 5 1
    出苗-三真叶 13 2 19 3 14 3
    三真叶-开花 9 2 11 2 5 1
    开花-结荚 5 1 4 1 7 1
    结荚-成熟 20 4 14 2 4 1
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    Table  2  Three physiological temperatures in different growth stages of soybean

    发育阶段 适宜温度/℃ 下限温度/℃ 上限温度/℃
    播种-出苗 15.0 7.5 26.0
    出苗-三真叶 19.0 10.0 30.0
    三真叶-开花 22.0 13.0 32.0
    开花-结荚 24.0 16.0 32.0
    结荚-成熟 21.0 11.0 28.0
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    Table  3  K-S test for results of 3 functions for fitting heat index samples of soybean

    发育阶段 冷害等级 显著性检验
    正态分布 均匀分布 指数分布
    轻度 0.739 0.144 0.000
    播种-出苗 中度 0.708 0.043 0.001
    重度 0.999 0.438 0.195
    轻度 0.964 0.319 0.000
    出苗-三真叶 中度 0.855 0.033 0.001
    重度 0.875 0.679 0.025
    轻度 0.981 0.259 0.001
    三真叶-开花 中度 0.899 0.024 0.016
    重度 0.999 0.219 0.000
    轻度 0.971 0.875 0.084
    开花-结荚 中度 0.972 0.455 0.094
    重度 0.989 0.106 0.008
    轻度 0.750 0.002 0.000
    结荚-成熟 中度 0.781 0.151 0.004
    重度 0.982 0.718 0.000
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    Table  4  Chilling damage level indicators in different growth stages of soybean in Northeast China based on heat index

    发育阶段 重度冷害 中度冷害 轻度冷害 无冷害
    播种-出苗 (0，58.0] (58.0，65.5] (65.5，71.0] (71.0，100]
    出苗-三真叶 (0，59.5] (59.5，67.5] (67.5，73.5] (73.5，100]
    三真叶-开花 (0，63.0] (63.0，68.0] (68.0，75.5] (75.5，100]
    开花-结荚 (0，63.5] (63.5，69.5] (69.5，78.0] (78.0，100]
    结荚-成熟 (0，62.5] (62.5，68.0] (68.0，75.5] (75.5，100]
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    Table  5  Verification accuracy for chilling damage indicator of soybean (unit: %)

    发育阶段 轻度 中度 重度 总冷害
    播种-出苗 80.0 66.7 100.0 77.8
    出苗-三真叶 100.0 100.0 66.7 87.5
    三真叶-开花 100.0 50.0 100.0 80.0
    开花-结荚 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
    结荚-成熟 75.0 100.0 100.0 85.7
    全生育期 85.7 81.8 85.7 84.4
    DownLoad: Download CSV
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    • Received : 2021-04-02
    • Accepted : 2021-06-03
    • Published : 2021-07-31
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