Vol.32,  No.6, 
November  2021
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Li Yiyu, Sun Hongping, Yang Junmei, et al. Characteristics of aerosol and cloud over the central plain of North China in summer. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2021, 32(6): 665-676. DOI:   10.11898/1001-7313.20210603.
Citation: Li Yiyu, Sun Hongping, Yang Junmei, et al. Characteristics of aerosol and cloud over the central plain of North China in summer. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2021, 32(6): 665-676. DOI:   10.11898/1001-7313.20210603.
shu

Characteristics of Aerosol and Cloud over the Central Plain of North China in Summer

  • 1.

    Shanxi Weather Modification Center, Taiyuan 030002

  • 2.

    Beijing Weather Modification Center, Beijing 100089

  • 3.

    Flight Control Room, Unit 95820 of the PLA, Beijing 102207

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    Abstract
  • The vertical distribution of aerosols and clouds is a key issue in the indirect climate effects of aerosols. Based on the aerosol and cloud droplet number concentration data observed by 6 aircrafts over the central plain of North China from July to August in 2018, the vertical distribution and spectral characteristics of aerosols and clouds are studied. The results show that the mean value of aerosol number concentration ( Na ) of this area is higher than that in Central China, the in-cloud aerosol number concentration (Nacc) accounts for over 80% of the total concentration, and the mean particle diameter ( Dm ) is between 0.12 and 0.52 μm, which means fine particles contribute the largest proportion. The aerosol number concentration decreases with the height. The total aerosol number concentration is higher with middle and high stratus comparing to low-level stratus. The vertical distribution of Na is significantly affected by atmospheric stratification, as inversion temperature layer block the vertical transport of aerosols. The vertical distribution of mean diameter below 3500 m is relatively stable, with an average of 0.23 μm, while increases with the height above 3500 m. The vertical distribution of aerosol particle mean diameter at high altitude (above 2000 m) is greatly affected by relative humidity. Compared with the vertical distribution of aerosol number concentration and mean diameter, the horizontal variety is smaller. In low-level stratus, the cloud droplet number concentration (Nc) is large, and the liquid water content (L) is small. In middle and high stratus, the cloud droplet number concentration is small, and the liquid water content is large. The probability distribution function of cloud droplet number concentration and liquid water content are bimodal distribution, and the probability distribution function of cloud droplet effective radius (Re) show a single mode. The distribution of aerosol number concentration spectrum shows multi-peak distribution, and the average aerosol spectrum show three-peak distribution. The distribution of cloud droplet number concentration spectrum shows a single peak, which appears at the scale of 9-16 μm, and the spectral width of cloud droplets is 50 μm. The parameter characteristics of aerosol spectral distribution obtained by fitting aerosol spectral distribution can provide an important in situ measurement basis for improving the parameterized schemes such as regional climate model and aerosol-cloud model.
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  • Fig  1.   Vertical distributions of Na and Dm

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    Fig  2.   Vertical distributions of temperature and relative humidity(a), Na and Dm (b) during F3 on 31 Jul 2018

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    Fig  3.   Vertical distributions of temperature, relative humidity, Na and Dm during F4 on 22 Aug 2018

    (a)temperature, relative humidity during take off, (b) Na and Dm during take off, (c)temperature, relative humidity during landing, (d) Na and Dm during landing

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    Fig  4.   Horizontal distributions of Na and Dm during F2 on 26 Jul 2018

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    Fig  5.   Distributions of aerosol particles during six flights

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    Fig  6.   Mean size distributions of aerosol particles during six flights

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    Fig  7.   Vertical distributions of Nc and L during F1-F6

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    Fig  8.   Time series of Nc and L during F3

    (the nine clouds are marked byⅠ-Ⅸ)

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    Fig  9.   Cloud droplet size distributions for cloud Ⅰ-Ⅸ

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    Fig  10.   The probability distribution functions of Nc, L and Re

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    Table  1   Summary of six flights

    编号 日期 飞行观测时间 垂直高度范围/m 天气条件
    F1 2018-07-21 11:48—13:00 786~5044 中-低层云
    F2 2018-07-26 16:09—17:10 780~3778 中-高层云
    F3 2018-07-31 17:26—18:52 782~4410 高层云
    F4 2018-08-22 10:50—12:14 788~4685 中-高层云
    F5 2018-08-22 16:36—17:40 785~4691 中-低层云
    F6 2018-08-30 13:53—15:26 786~5687 中-低层云
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    Table  2   Statistics of observed aerosol parameters

    架次 Na /cm-3 Dm /μm
    平均值 最大值 标准差 Nacc 平均值 最大值 标准差
    F1 114.97 1275.69 195.93 98.83 0.43 2.65 0.43
    F2 821.36 10493.30 911.91 663.36 0.12 0.53 0.01
    F3 198.27 3001.23 280.91 176.64 0.43 2.72 0.40
    F4 86.83 730.10 118.30 74.71 0.50 2.45 0.49
    F5 127.02 1008.35 165.99 109.45 0.52 2.89 0.44
    F6 130.98 1004.96 179.52 114.09 0.46 3.00 0.47
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    • Received : 2021-08-04
    • Accepted : 2021-10-19
    • Published : 2021-11-22
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