Vol.33, NO.4, 2022
Turn off MathJax
Article Contents
Article Navigation >  Journal of Applied Meteorological Science  > 2022  >  33(4): 477-488
Qin Hao, Zheng Fengqin, Wu Liquan. The interaction between intensity and rainfall of Typhoon Rammasun(1409). J Appl Meteor Sci, 2022, 33(4): 477-488. DOI:  10.11898/1001-7313.20220408.
Citation: Qin Hao, Zheng Fengqin, Wu Liquan. The interaction between intensity and rainfall of Typhoon Rammasun(1409). J Appl Meteor Sci, 2022, 33(4): 477-488. DOI:  10.11898/1001-7313.20220408.
shu

The Interaction Between Intensity and Rainfall of Typhoon Rammasun(1409)

DOI: 10.11898/1001-7313.20220408
  • 1.

    Guangxi Meteorological Observatory, Nanning 530022

  • 2.

    Guangxi Climate Center, Nanning 530022

  • 3.

    Guangxi Meteorological Disaster Prevention Technology Center, Nanning 530022

  • Received Date: 2022-02-23
  • Rev Recd Date: 2022-04-11
  • Publish Date: 2022-07-13
    Abstract
  • Based on the methods of Fourier decomposition, correlation analysis and Liang-Kleeman information flow, the interaction between intensity and rainfall of Typhoon Rammasun (1409) is studied using the best track data of Shanghai Typhoon Institute (STI) of China Meteorological Administration (CMA), Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) satellite 3B42 rainfall estimation data of National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and ERA5 reanalysis data of European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) with 0.25°×0.25° grids. The results show that the rainfall of Typhoon Rammasun (1409) has obvious characteristics of asymmetry, and it is mainly located in the west side of the typhoon center. The rainfall of Typhoon Rammasun (1409) increases significantly twice during the whole life cycle, which corresponds to the intensification period. The information flow analysis shows that the rainfall of Typhoon Rammasun (1409) is affected by the intensity of typhoon itself, whereas the rainfall can also feedback on the latter. Compared with the influence of typhoon intensity on rainfall, the information flow from rainfall to typhoon intensity decreases by nearly an order of magnitude, indicating that the typhoon intensity plays a dominant role in the interaction relationship. The possible mechanism by which the typhoon intensity affects rainfall are analyzed by diagnosing the water vapor and dynamic conditions respectively. In terms of water vapor conditions, the convergence area of vertical integral of moisture flux corresponds well to the rainfall. The intensification (reduction) of Typhoon Rammasun (1409) partly results in the enhanced convergence (divergence) of vertical integral of moisture flux in the southwest of the typhoon center, which brings more (less) rainfall in this region. In addition, the South China Sea and the Western Pacific water vapor transport channel have obvious response to the changes of Typhoon Rammasun (1409) intensity. In terms of dynamic conditions, the strong center of vertical helicity in the middle and lower layers is mainly located in the west side of the typhoon center, indicating the rainfall area. The intensification (reduction) of Typhoon Rammasun (1409) leads to the increase (decrease) of absolute vertical helicity on the west side of the typhoon center, thus promotes (inhibits) the development of upward movement to a certain extent, resulting in more (less) water vapor condensation and rainfall.
    • FullText(HTML)
    References(39)

  • Fig. 1  The best track (the solid line) of Typhoon Rammasun and accumulated precipitation (the shaded) from 0000 UTC 10 Jul to 1800 UTC 19 Jul in 2014

    DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

    Fig. 2  Radius-time cross-sections of azimuthally averaged precipitation rate(a) and wavenumber 1 precipitation rate(b) from 0000 UTC 11 Jul to 1800 UTC 19 Jul in 2014

    DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

    Fig. 3  Rain rate near the typhoon center

    (a)1200 UTC 14 Jul 2014,(b)1200 UTC 15 Jul 2014,(c)1800 UTC 18 Jul 2014

    DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

    Fig. 4  Information flows (the shaded) from typhoon intensity to precipitation rate(a) and from precipitation rate to typhoon intensity(b)

    (dotted areas denote passing the test of 0.05 level;the contour denotes the averaged rain rate, unit:mm·h-1)

    DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

    Fig. 5  Averaged moisture flux divergence of vertical integral near the typhoon center

    (a)from 0600 UTC to 1200 UTC on 14 Jul 2014,(b)from 0600 UTC to 1200 UTC on 15 Jul 2014, (c)from 1200 UTC to 1800 UTC on 18 Jul 2014

    DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

    Fig. 6  Information flows (the shaded) from typhoon intensity to moisture flux divergence of vertical integral(a) and from typhoon intensity to latent energy of vertical integral(b)(dotted areas denote passing the test of 0.05 level, the contour in Fig. 6a denotes the averaged moisture flux diveragence of vertical integral, unit:g·m-2·s-1; the contour in Fig. 6b denotes the averaged latent energy of vertical integral, unit:J·m-2)

    DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

    Fig. 7  Moisture flux of vertical integral (the arrow) and its value (the shaded) at 1200 UTC 15 Jul 2014(a) and 1200 UTC 18 Jul 2014(b) with information flow from typhoon intensity to precipitation rate (dotted areas denote passing the test of 0.05 level) (c)

    DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

    Fig. 8  Information flow from typhoon intensity to 700 hPa vertical helicity (the shaded)

    (the contour denotes the averaged 700 hPa vertical helicity, unit:10-3 Pa·s-2)

    DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint
  • [1]
    Zheng Y, Cai Q B, Cheng S C, et al. Characteristics on intensity and precipitation of super Typhoon Rammasun(1409) and reason why it rapidly intensified offshore. Torrential Rain Disaster, 2014, 33(4): 333-341. doi:  10.3969/j.issn.1004-9045.2014.04.005
    [2]
    Chen J, Sun H M, Gao A N, et al. Comparative analysis of intensity changes between super Typhoon Rammasun(1409) and Damrey(0518) during the period of entering the Beibu Gulf. Torrential Rain Disaster, 2014, 33(4): 392-400. doi:  10.3969/j.issn.1004-9045.2014.04.012
    [3]
    Xue Y D, Cui X P. Moisture sources and quantitative analyses of source contributions of precipitation associated with Rammasun(1409). Chinese J Atmos Sci, 2020, 44(2): 341-355. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DQXK202002009.htm
    [4]
    Li C Y, Niu X X. The effect of the typhoon dynamics process (CISK) to its moving. Acta Meteor Sinica, 1988, 46(4): 497-501. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-QXXB198804014.htm
    [5]
    He L F, Chen S, Guo Y Q. Observation characteristics and synoptic mechanisms of Typhoon Lekima extreme rainfall in 2019. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2020, 31(5): 513-526. doi:  10.11898/1001-7313.20200501
    [6]
    Rodgers E B, Adler R F. Tropical cyclone rainfall characteristics as determined from a satellite passive microwave radiometer. Mon Wea Rev, 1981, 109(3): 506-521. doi:  10.1175/1520-0493(1981)109<0506:TCRCAD>2.0.CO;2
    [7]
    Lonfat M, Marks F D, Chen S Y. Precipitation distribution in tropical cyclones using the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission(TRMM) microwave imager: A global perspective. Mon Wea Rev, 2004, 132(7): 1645-1660. doi:  10.1175/1520-0493(2004)132<1645:PDITCU>2.0.CO;2
    [8]
    Niu X X, Du H L, Liu J Y. The numerical simulation of rainfall and precipitation mechanism associated with Typhoon Sinlaku(0216). Acta Meteor Sinica, 2005, 63(1): 57-68. doi:  10.3321/j.issn:0577-6619.2005.01.007
    [9]
    Niu X X, Du H L, Teng D G, et al. Main factors affecting the rainfall caused by landing typhoons. Torrential Rain Disaster, 2010, 29(1): 76-80. doi:  10.3969/j.issn.1004-9045.2010.01.013
    [10]
    Jiang H Y. The relationship between tropical cyclone intensity change and the strength of inner-core convection. Mon Wea Rev, 2012, 140(4): 1164-1176. doi:  10.1175/MWR-D-11-00134.1
    [11]
    Alvey G R, Zawislak J, Zipser E J. Precipitation properties observed during tropical cyclone intensity change. Mon Wea Rev, 2015, 143(11): 4476-4492. doi:  10.1175/MWR-D-15-0065.1
    [12]
    Yang S N, Duan Y H. Extremity analysis on the precipitation and environmental field of Typhoon Rumbia in 2018. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2020, 31(3): 290-302. doi:  10.11898/1001-7313.20200304
    [13]
    Zheng Q, Mao C Y, Ding L H, et al. Comparison of cloud characteristics between Typhoon Lekima(1909) and Typhoon Yagi(1814). J Appl Meteor Sci, 2022, 33(1): 43-55. doi:  10.11898/1001-7313.20220104
    [14]
    Tu S F, Xu J J, Chan J C L, et al. Recent global decrease in the inner-core rain rate of tropical cyclones. Nat Commun, 2021, 12(1): 1948. doi:  10.1038/s41467-021-22304-y
    [15]
    Liang X S. Information flow within stochastic dynamical systems. Phys Rev E, 2008, 78(3): 031113. doi:  10.1103/PhysRevE.78.031113
    [16]
    Liang X S. The Liang-Kleeman information flow: Theory and applications. Entropy, 2013, 15(1): 327-360. doi:  10.3390/e15010327
    [17]
    Liang X S. Unraveling the cause-effect relation between time series. Phys Rev E, 2014, 90(5): 052150. doi:  10.1103/PhysRevE.90.052150
    [18]
    Stips A, Macias D, Coughlan C, et al. On the causal structure between CO2 and global temperature. Sci Rep, 2016, 6: 21691. doi:  10.1038/srep21691
    [19]
    Xiao H X, Zhang F, Miao L J, et al. Long-term trends in Arctic surface temperature and potential causality over the last 100years. Climate Dyn, 2020, 55(5/6): 1443-1456.
    [20]
    Liang X S, Xu F, Rong Y N, et al. El Ni o Modoki can be mostly predicted more than 10 years ahead of time. Sci Rep, 2021, 11: 17860. doi:  10.1038/s41598-021-97111-y
    [21]
    Cai Y C, Jin C J, Wang A Z, et al. Spatio-temporal analysis of the accuracy of tropical multisatellite precipitation analysis 3B42 precipitation data in mid-high latitudes of China. Plos One, 2015, 10(4): e0120026. doi:  10.1371/journal.pone.0120026
    [22]
    Chang W T, Gao W H, Duan Y H, et al. The impact of cloud microphysical processes on typhoon numerical simulation. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2019, 30(4): 443-455. doi:  10.11898/1001-7313.20190405
    [23]
    Yu Z F, Wang Y Q, Xu H M, et al. On the Relationship between intensity and rainfall distribution in tropical cyclones making landfall over China. J Appl Meteor Climatol, 2017, 56(10): 2883-2901. doi:  10.1175/JAMC-D-16-0334.1
    [24]
    Jiang X L, Ren F M, Ma Z G, et al. Rainfall characteristic and cause comparison of two track-similar tropical cyclones in 2014. Chinese J Geophys, 2017, 60(4): 1305-1320. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DQWX201704007.htm
    [25]
    Qin L, Wu Q S, Zeng X T, et al. Analysis on cause of rapid intensification of asymmetrical Typhoon Hato. Torrential Rain Disaster, 2019, 38(3): 212-220. doi:  10.3969/j.issn.1004-9045.2019.03.003
    [26]
    Wu T Y, Zhou Y S, Wang Y Q, et al. Comparative analysis of precipitation characteristics of the westward typhoon cases "Bilis" and "Sepat" during landfall under different monsoon intensities. Chinese J Atmos Sci, 2021, 45(6): 1173-1186. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DQXK202106002.htm
    [27]
    Zhou X Y, Cheng Z Q, Tu J, et al. Analysis on the asymmetrical precipitation and evolution of dynamic and thermodynamic structure of Typhoon Ewiniar. Acta Meteor Sinica, 2020, 78(6): 899-913. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-QXXB202006002.htm
    [28]
    Lü X Y, Xu Y L, Huang H Q. Analysis on environmental factors of the extremely rapid intensification of Typhoon "Rammasun"(1409) in the northern South China Sea. Marin Forec, 2021, 38(3): 1-10. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-HYYB202103001.htm
    [29]
    Marks F D. Evolution of the structure of precipitation in Hurricane Allen(1980). Mon Wea Rev, 1985, 113(6): 909-930. doi:  10.1175/1520-0493(1985)113<0909:EOTSOP>2.0.CO;2
    [30]
    Marks F D, Houze Jr R A, Gamache J. Dual-aircraft investigation of the inner core of Hurricane Norbert. Part Ⅰ: Kinematic structure. J Atmos Sci, 1992, 49(11): 919-942. doi:  10.1175/1520-0469(1992)049<0919:DAIOTI>2.0.CO;2
    [31]
    Li C Y. The "CISK" theory and its further research. Meteor Sci Technol, 1984(4): 1-9. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-QXKJ198404000.htm
    [32]
    Zhang J H, Zhang L B, Pang S R. Sensitive experiments on the boundary layer schemes during the strengthening process of typhoon Khanun. J Appl Oceanogr, 2007, 26(1): 26-35. doi:  10.3969/j.issn.1000-8160.2007.01.004
    [33]
    Cheng Z Q, Lin L X, Yang G J, et al. Rapid intensification and associated large-scale circulation of Super Typhoon Rammasun in 2014. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2017, 28(3): 318-326. doi:  10.11898/1001-7313.20170306
    [34]
    Zhang J H, Pang S R. Analysis on the cause of rainstorm of the Typhoon Meranti(1010). Torrential Rain Disaster, 2011, 30(4): 305-312. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-HBQX201104003.htm
    [35]
    Lu Y B, Zhang T F, Xu B L, et al. Mesoscale analysis on a heavy rain associated with Bengal Bay storm and cold air in west Yunnan. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2006, 17(2): 201-206. http://qikan.camscma.cn/article/id/20060234
    [36]
    Chen Y, Su H L, Shou S W, et al. Numerical simulation and diagnosis analysis on heavy rain in east Hebei by Typhoon Matsa. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2008, 19(2): 209-218. http://qikan.camscma.cn/article/id/20080237
    [37]
    Qin W, Zhao J B, Huang R C, et al. Cause analysis on the structural change of Typhoon Mangkhut during its landing and the abnormal distribution of heavy precipition in Guangxi. J Trop Meteor, 2019, 35(5): 587-595. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-RDQX201905002.htm
    [38]
    Gao S Z, Zhang S J, Lü X Y, et al. Circulation characteristics and thermal and dynamic conditions 48 hours before typhoon formation in the South China Sea. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2021, 32(3): 272-288. doi:  10.11898/1001-7313.20210302
    [39]
    Li X, Zhang L. Formation mechanism and microphysics characteristics of heavy rainfall caused by northward-moving typhoons. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2022, 33(1): 29-42. doi:  10.11898/1001-7313.20220103
    • Relative Articles
    • Supplements(0)
    • Cited By
  • 加载中
  • -->

Catalog

    Figures(8)

    Get Citation
    PDF
    XML
    Article views (1685) PDF downloads(116) Cited by()
    • Received : 2022-02-23
    • Accepted : 2022-04-11
    • Published : 2022-07-13
    Journal Online
    Contact

    © 2020 Journal of Applied Meteorological Science   京ICP备15006967号-1

    Supported by Beijing Renhe Information Technology Co. Ltd

    /

    DownLoad:  Full-Size Img  PowerPoint
    Return