Vol.34, NO.4, 2023
Turn off MathJax
Article Contents
Article Navigation >  Journal of Applied Meteorological Science  > 2023  >  34(4): 385-399
Chyi Dorina, He Lifu. Stage characteristics and mechanisms of extreme high temperature in China in summer of 2022. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2023, 34(4): 385-399. DOI:  10.11898/1001-7313.20230401.
Citation: Chyi Dorina, He Lifu. Stage characteristics and mechanisms of extreme high temperature in China in summer of 2022. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2023, 34(4): 385-399. DOI:  10.11898/1001-7313.20230401.
shu

Stage Characteristics and Mechanisms of Extreme High Temperature in China in Summer of 2022

DOI: 10.11898/1001-7313.20230401
  • 1.

    China Meteorological Administration Training Center, Beijing 100081

  • 2.

    National Meteorological Center, Beijing 100081

  • Received Date: 2023-04-28
  • Rev Recd Date: 2023-06-16
  • Publish Date: 2023-07-31
    Abstract
  • Stage characteristics and thermodynamic mechanisms of the extreme high temperature in China in summer of 2022 are analyzed with conventional observations, automatic weather station observations and the fifth-generation European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) atmospheric reanalysis data (ERA5). It shows that the extreme high temperature process has two different stages. In June, high temperature areas are concentrated in North China and Huanghuai Region. From July to August the high temperature weather remains stable in Sichuan Basin and the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. The influence area, intensity and duration of the high temperature from July to August are significantly stronger than those in June. Two stages of extreme high temperature occur in the anomalous circulation background. The South Asian high controls the upper troposphere with significant positive anomaly. Dominant systems are the strong development of high pressure ridge in North China and the stable maintenance of the evidently strong high-pressure dam in subtropical regions. The sustained dispersion of Rossby wave energy from upstream to North China and the weakening of transient weather disturbances are main causes for the enhancement and stability maintenance of the North China high pressure ridge. The strong convection in tropical regions, the enhancement of atmospheric heat sources on the southern side of the Northwest Pacific subtropical high, the strong updraft near the intertropical convergence zone and sinking in subtropical high ridge line near 30°N are conducive to the westward extension, strengthening, and stable maintenance of the Northwest Pacific subtropical high. The thermodynamic diagnostic analysis shows that the strong warm advection in the lower troposphere and the diabatic heating anomaly in the boundary layer above than the climatology is the main cause of the high temperature in North China and Huanghuai Region, and the maintenance of high temperature mainly relies on the contribution of strong diabatic heating. The formation of the extreme high temperature in Sichuan Basin and the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River is caused by subsidence warming anomaly which is in the low troposphere and stronger than the climatology. The second stage of the high temperature is also affected by the diabatic heating anomaly in the boundary layer. Besides the diabatic heating, the contribution of adiabatic heating (subsidence warming) term in the extremely strong South Asian high control region cannot be ignored.
    • FullText(HTML)
    References(40)

  • Fig. 1  Distributions of daily maximum temperature and high temperature days from 1 Jun to 31 Aug in 2022

    DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

    Fig. 2  Distributions of daily maximum temperature anomaly from 1 Jun to 31 Aug in 2022 (black boxes denote high temperature critical regions)

    DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

    Fig. 3  Station number with high temperature and daily maximum temperature from 1 Jun to 31 Aug in 2022

    (a)station number with high temperature (gray bars) and the area-mean daily maximum temperature (the red line) in North China and Huanghuai Region, (b)station number with high temperature (gray bars) and the area-mean daily maximum temperature (the red line) in Sichuan Basin and the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, (c)daily maximum temperature from 17 Jun to 26 Jun in 2022 (the black box denotes high temperature critical region in North China and Huanghuai Region), (d)daily maximum temperature from 10 Jul to 25 Aug in 2022 (the black box denotes high temperature critical region in Sichuan Basin and the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River)

    DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

    Fig. 4  Circulations in summer of 2022 (black boxes denote high temperature critical regions)

    (a)geopotential height (the contour, unit:dagpm)(the red line denotes 1675 dagpm in stage 1, the blue line denotes climatic mean of 1675 dagpm) with its anomaly (the shaded) at 100 hPa in stage 1, (b)geopotential height (the contour, unit:dagpm)(the red line denotes 1675 dagpm in stage 2, the blue line denotes climatic mean of 1675 dagpm) with its anomaly (the shaded) at 100 hPa in stage 2, (c)geopotential height (the contour, unit:dagpm)(the red line denotes 588 dagpm in stage 1, the blue line denotes climatic mean of 588 dagpm) with its anomaly (the shaded) at 500 hPa in stage 1, (d)geopotential height (the contour, unit:dagpm)(the red line denotes 588 dagpm in stage 2, the blue line denotes climatic mean of 588 dagpm) with its anomaly (the shaded) at 500 hPa in stage 2, (e)850 hPa temperature standardized anomalies (the shaded) and flow fields in stage 1, (f)850 hPa temperature standardized anomalies (the shaded) and flow fields in stage 2

    DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

    Fig. 5  500 geopotential height (the contour, unit:dagpm) with its anomaly (the shaded), wave-activity flux (the vector) (a) and 300 hPa envelope function (unit:m) (b) from 17 Jun to 26 Jun in 2022

    DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

    Fig. 6  Vertically integrated atmospheric apparent heat source (the shaded) (the red line denotes 588 dagpm in stage 2, the blue line denotes climatic mean of 588 dagpm) (a) and vertical velocity anomaly averaged over 110°-122°E(b) from 10 Jul to 25 Aug in 2022

    DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

    Fig. 7  Time-latitude cross section over 110°-150°E(a) and time-longitude cross section over 15°-30°N(b) of vertically integrated atmospheric apparent heat source (the shaded) from Jul to Aug in 2022 (the black line denotes 588 dagpm)

    DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

    Fig. 8  Evolutions of area average and anomalies of thermodynamic forcing terms for high temperature stages in summer of 2022

    DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

    Fig. 9  Vertical profiles of area average thermodynamic forcing terms in summer of 2022

    DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

    Fig. 10  Vertical anomalies profiles of area average thermodynamic forcing terms in summer of 2022

    DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

    Fig. 11  Net solar radiation flux, net longwave radiation flux and net radiation flux in summer of 2022 (black boxes denote high temperature critical regions)

    DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint
  • [1]
    Zhai P M, Pan X H. Change in extreme temperature and precipitation over northern China during the second half of the 20th century. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2003, 58(SupplⅠ): 1-10. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DLXB2003S1000.htm
    [2]
    Lin X, Guan Z Y. Temporal-spatial characters and interannual variations of summer high temperature in East China. Journal of Nanjing Institute of Meteorology, 2008, 31(1): 1-9. doi:  10.3969/j.issn.1674-7097.2008.01.001
    [3]
    Ding T, Qian W H. Geographical patterns and temporal variations of regional dry and wet heatwave events in China during 1960-2008. Adv Atmos Sci, 2011, 28(2): 322-337. doi:  10.1007/s00376-010-9236-7
    [4]
    Sun J Q, Wang H J, Yuan W. Decadal variability of the extreme hot event in China and its association with atmospheric circulations. Climatic Environ Res, 2011, 16(2): 199-208. doi:  10.3878/j.issn.1006-9585.2011.02.09
    [5]
    Dong X Y, Wu B Y. Dynamic linkages between heat wave events in Jianghuai Region and Arctic summer cold anomaly. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2019, 30(4): 431-442. doi:  10.11898/1001-7313.20190404
    [6]
    Zheng Y J, Yang Z Q, Wang L, et al. Refined risk zoning of high temperature and heat damage to greenhouse tomato in southern China. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2021, 32(4): 432-442. doi:  10.11898/1001-7313.20210405
    [7]
    Li H L, Wang J H, Zhang W M, et al. Effects of high temperature stress on leaf chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics of kiwifruit. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2021, 32(4): 468-478. doi:  10.11898/1001-7313.20210408
    [8]
    Huo Z G, Zhang H Y, Li C H, et al. Review on high temperature heat damage of maize in China. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2023, 34(1): 1-14. doi:  10.11898/1001-7313.20230101
    [9]
    Li S S, Yang S N, Zhang D H, et al. Spatiotemporal variability of heat waves in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region and influencing factors in recent 54 years. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2015, 26(5): 545-554. doi:  10.11898/1001-7313.20150504
    [10]
    Yang P, Liu W D, Wang Q G, et al. The climatic change trend and seasonal characteristics of daily temperature extremes in China for the latest 40 years. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2010, 21(1): 29-36. http://qikan.camscma.cn/article/id/20100104
    [11]
    Lin A L, Gu D J, Peng D D, et al. Climatic characteristics of regional persistent heat event in in the eastern China during recent 60 years. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2021, 32(3): 302-314. doi:  10.11898/1001-7313.20210304
    [12]
    Zhai P M, Sun A J, Ren F M, et al. Changes of climate extremes in China. Climate Change, 1999, 42: 203-218. doi:  10.1023/A:1005428602279
    [13]
    Yan Z W, Yang C. Geographic patterns of extreme climate changes in China during 1951-1997. Climatic Environ Res, 2000, 5(3): 267-272. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-QHYH200003004.htm
    [14]
    Zhang Y, Cao L J, Xu Y L, et al. Scenario analyses on future changes of extreme temperature events over China. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2008, 19(6): 655-660. http://qikan.camscma.cn/article/id/20080603
    [15]
    Xie Z, Cui J L, Liu H T, et al. A study on the severe hot weather in Beijing and North China Part Ⅰ. Statistics and synoptic case study. Climatic Environ Res, 1999, 4(4): 323-333. doi:  10.3878/j.issn.1006-9585.1999.04.01
    [16]
    Wei J, Yang H, Sun S Q. Relationship between the anomaly longitudinal position of subtropical high in the Western Pacific and severe hot weather in North China in summer. Acta Meteor Sinica, 2004, 62(3): 308-316. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-QXXB200403004.htm
    [17]
    Wei J, Sun J H. The analysis of summer heat wave and sultry weather in North China. Climatic Environ Res, 2007, 12(3): 453-463. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-QHYH200703024.htm
    [18]
    Sun J H, Wei J, Zhang X L, et al. The abnormal weather in the summer 2003 and its real-time prediction. Climatic Environ Res, 2004, 9(1): 203-217. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-QHYH200401019.htm
    [19]
    Lin J, Bi B G, He J H. Physical mechanism responsible for Western Pacific subtropical high variation and hot wave in southern China in July 2003. Chinese J Atmos Sci, 2005, 29 (4): 594-599. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DQXK200504009.htm
    [20]
    Liu H Z, Zhao S R, Zhao C G, et al. Weather abnormal and evolutions of Western Pacific subtropical high and South Asian high in summer of 2003. Plateau Meteor, 2003, 25(2): 169-178. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-GYQX200602000.htm
    [21]
    Fang Y L, Jian M Q. Diagnosis study of persistent heat waves in South China during summer 2003. J Trop Ocean, 2011, 30(3): 30-37. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-RDHY201103006.htm
    [22]
    Peng J B, Zhang Q Y, Bueh C. On the characteristics and possible causes of a severe drought and heat wave in the Sichuan-Chongqing Region in 2006. Climatic Environ Res, 2007, 12(3): 464-474. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-QHYH200703025.htm
    [23]
    Zou X K, Gao H. Analysis of severe drought and heat wave over the Sichuan Basin in the summer of 2006. Adv Climate Change Res, 2007, 3(3): 149-153. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-QHBH200703006.htm
    [24]
    Li Y H, Xu H M, Liu D. Features of the extremely severe drought in the east of Southwest China and anomalies of atmospheric circulation in summer 2006. Acta Meteor Sinica, 2009, 67(1): 122-132. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-QXXB200901014.htm
    [25]
    Peng J B, Liu G, Sun S Q. An analysis on the formation of the heat wave in southern China and its relation to the anomalous Western Pacific subtropical high in the summer of 2013. Chinese J Atmos Sci, 2016, 40 (5): 897-906. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DQXK201605002.htm
    [26]
    Zou H B, Wu S S, Shan J S, et al. Diagnostic study of the severe high temperature event over mid-eastern China in 2013 summer. Acta Meteor Sinica, 2015, 73(3): 481-495. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-QXXB201503006.htm
    [27]
    Li N, Xiao Z N, Zhao L. Analysis on the mechanism of the 2018 summer extreme high temperature event in Northeast China. Climatic Environ Res, 2020, 25(5): 469-482. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-QHYH202005002.htm
    [28]
    Ma S M, Zhu C W, Liu B Q. Possible causes of persistently extreme-hot-days-related circulation anomalies in Yunnan from April to June 2019. Chinese J Atmos Sci, 2021, 45(1): 165-180. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DQXK202101010.htm
    [29]
    Zhang T, Tam C Y, Lau N C, et al. Influences of the boreal winter Arctic Oscillation on the peak-summer compound heat waves over the Yangtze-Huaihe River Basin: The North Atlantic capacitor effect. Climate Dyn, 2022, 59(7): 2331-2343.
    [30]
    Lin S, Li H Y, Huang P C, et al. Characteristics of high temperature, drought and circulation situation in summer 2022 in China. J Arid Meteor, 2022, 40(5): 748-763. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-GSQX202205003.htm
    [31]
    Wang Z Q, Luo H L, Yang S. Different mechanisms for the extremely hot central-eastern China in July-August 2022 from a Eurasian large-scale circulation perspective. Environ Res Lett, 2023, 18: 024023.
    [32]
    Hersbach H, Bell B, Berrisford P, et al. The ERA5 global reanalysis. Quart J Roy Meteor Soc, 2020, 146: 1999-2049.
    [33]
    Ding T, Qian W H. Statistical characteristics of heat wave precursors in China and model prediction. Acta Geophysica Sinica, 2012, 55(5): 1472-1486. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DQWX201205006.htm
    [34]
    Chen M, Geng F H, Ma L M, et al. Analyses on the heat wave events in Shanghai in recent 138 years. Plateau Meteor, 2013, 32(2): 597-607. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-GYQX201302027.htm
    [35]
    Yanai M, Li C F, Song Z S. Seasonal heating of the Tibetan Plateau and its effects on the evolution of the Asian summer monsoon. J Meteor Soc Japan, 1992, 70(1B): 319-351.
    [36]
    Takaya K, Nakamura H. A formulation of a wave-activity flux for stationary Rossby waves on a zonally varying basic flow. Geophys Res Lett, 1997, 24(23): 2985-2988.
    [37]
    Takaya K, Nakamura H. A Formulation of a phase-independent wave-activity flux for stationary and migratory quasigeostrophic eddies on a zonally varying basic flow. J Atmos Sci, 2001, 58(6): 608-627.
    [38]
    He L F, Chyi D, Yu W. Development mechanisms of the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea cyclone causing extreme snowstorm in Northeast China. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2022, 3(4): 385-399. doi:  10.11898/1001-7313.20220401
    [39]
    Nakamura H, Nakamura M, Anderson J L. The role of high-and low-frequency dynamics in blocking formation. Mon Wea Rev, 1997, 125(9): 2074-2093.
    [40]
    Tao S Y, Zhu F K. The 100-mb flow patterns in southern Asia in summer and its relation to the advance and retreat of the West-Pacific subtropical anticyclone over the Far East. Acta Meteor Sinica, 1964, 34(4): 387-396. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-QXXB196404000.htm
    • Relative Articles
    • Supplements(0)
    • Cited By
  • 加载中
  • -->

Catalog

    Figures(11)

    Get Citation
    PDF
    XML
    Article views (789) PDF downloads(288) Cited by()
    • Received : 2023-04-28
    • Accepted : 2023-06-16
    • Published : 2023-07-31
    Journal Online
    Contact

    © 2020 Journal of Applied Meteorological Science   京ICP备15006967号-1

    Supported by Beijing Renhe Information Technology Co. Ltd

    /

    DownLoad:  Full-Size Img  PowerPoint
    Return