Vol.34, NO.5, 2023
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Article Navigation >  Journal of Applied Meteorological Science  > 2023  >  34(5): 619-629
Liu Feifan, Zheng Yongguang, Luo Qi, et al. Comparison of characteristics of light precipitation and short-time heavy precipitation over Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei and neighbouring areas. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2023, 34(5): 619-629. DOI:  10.11898/1001-7313.20230510.
Citation: Liu Feifan, Zheng Yongguang, Luo Qi, et al. Comparison of characteristics of light precipitation and short-time heavy precipitation over Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei and neighbouring areas. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2023, 34(5): 619-629. DOI:  10.11898/1001-7313.20230510.
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Comparison of Characteristics of Light Precipitation and Short-time Heavy Precipitation over Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei and Neighbouring Areas

DOI: 10.11898/1001-7313.20230510
  • 1.

    Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081

  • 2.

    National Meteorological Center, Beijing 100081

  • 3.

    CSIC Haizhuang Wind Power Co., Ltd., Chongqing 401122

  • 4.

    Heilongjiang Meteorological Office, Harbin 150030

  • Received Date: 2023-04-12
  • Rev Recd Date: 2023-06-26
  • Publish Date: 2023-09-30
    Abstract
  • Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei and neighbouring areas (34°-43°N, 113°-123°E) are located at the north edge of the East Asian summer monsoon, and they are also the main heavy-rain areas in northern China. The hourly precipitation data of 87 national meteorological stations from 1966 to 2021 are used for the analysis of spatial distribution and interannual variations, while the data of 298 stations from 1980 to 2021 are used to statistically analyze the diurnal variations and interannual variations of light precipitation (0.1-20 mm·h-1) and short-time heavy precipitation (no less than 20 mm·h-1) for the warm season (May-September) over the region. The results show that the annual average light precipitation and frequency in Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei and neighbouring areas during the warm season are much higher than those of short-time heavy precipitation. However, there is an area in the west of the Bohai Sea Region (37°-41°N, 115°-119.5°E) with high short-time heavy rainfall intensity but weak rainfall amount and frequency, which means the convective characteristics of short-time precipitation over this area are more extreme and significant. The interannual variations of two kinds of precipitation amount, frequency, and intensity in Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei and neighbouring areas excluding the west of Bohai Sea Region both present an overall growing trend in the warm season, in which the increasing trend of short-time heavy precipitation is more obvious, but the trend in the west of the Bohai Sea Region is not obvious. The diurnal variation amplitudes of light precipitation amount and frequency in Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei and neighbouring areas excluding the west of the Bohai Sea Region are significantly weaker than those of short-time heavy precipitation, but the peak durations are significantly longer. Compared to Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei and neighbouring areas excluding the west of the Bohai Sea Region, two types of precipitation in the west of the Bohai Sea Region from July to September are more frequent and the rainfall peak durations are longer. The interannual variations of precipitation in different periods of the whole day show that the light precipitation in two regions both decrease in the afternoon, while the short-time heavy precipitation has weakened significantly in the afternoon since 2005, but increased significantly from midnight to early morning.
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  • Fig. 1  Distribution of national meteorological stations in Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei and neighbouring areas

    (the gray shaded denotes terrain height, square symbols denote 87 valid stations from May to Sep from 1966 to 2021 and 298 valid stations from 1980 to 2021, of which the added stations are indicated by triangles, box denotes the west plains of the Bohai Sea Region)

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    Fig. 2  Spatial distribution of rainfall during warm season over Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei and its neighbouring areas from 1966 to 2021 (the black box denotes the west plains of the Bohai Sea Region)

    (a)averaged annual rainfall (the shaded) of light precipitation, (b)averaged annual rainfall (the shaded) of short-term heavy precipitation, (c)hourly precipitation frequency (the shaded) and averaged hourly rainfall intensity (the isoline, unit:mm·h-1) of light precipitation, (d)hourly precipitation frequency (the shaded) and averaged hourly rainfall intensity (the isoline, unit:mm·h-1) of short-term heavy precipitation

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    Fig. 3  Three-year running standardized averaged hourly rainfall amount, frequency, intensity over Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei and its neighbouring areas excluding the west plains of the Bohai Sea Region and the west plains of Bohai Sea Region during warm season of 1966-2021

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    Fig. 4  The same as in Fig. 3, but for Jul and Aug from 1966 to 2021

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    Fig. 5  Standardized diurnal variations of averaged hourly rainfall amount, frequency and intensity over Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei and its neighbouring areas excluding the west plains of the Bohai Sea Region and the west plain of Bohai Sea Region during warm season from 1980 to 2021

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    Fig. 6  The same as in Fig. 5, but for May to Jun from 1980 to 2021

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    Fig. 7  Interannual changes of standardized diurnal variation during warm season over Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei and its neighbouring areas excluding the west plains of Bohai Sea Region (the shaded) and the west plains of the Bohai Sea Region (the isoline)(thin solid lines denote values greater than 1.0, thick solid lines denote values equal to 1.0, thin dashed lines denote values less than 1.0)

    (a)average hourly rainfall amount of light precipitation,(b)average hourly rainfall amount of short-term heavy precipitation,(c)average hourly rainfall frequency of light precipitation,(d)average hourly rainfall frequency of short-term heavy precipitation,(e)average hourly rainfall intensity of light precipitation,(f)average hourly rainfall intensity of short-term heavy precipitation

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    • Received : 2023-04-12
    • Accepted : 2023-06-26
    • Published : 2023-09-30
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