Vol.34, NO.5, 2023
Turn off MathJax
Article Contents
Article Navigation >  Journal of Applied Meteorological Science  > 2023  >  34(5): 619-629
Liu Feifan, Zheng Yongguang, Luo Qi, et al. Comparison of characteristics of light precipitation and short-time heavy precipitation over Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei and neighbouring areas. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2023, 34(5): 619-629. DOI:  10.11898/1001-7313.20230510.
Citation: Liu Feifan, Zheng Yongguang, Luo Qi, et al. Comparison of characteristics of light precipitation and short-time heavy precipitation over Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei and neighbouring areas. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2023, 34(5): 619-629. DOI:  10.11898/1001-7313.20230510.
shu

Comparison of Characteristics of Light Precipitation and Short-time Heavy Precipitation over Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei and Neighbouring Areas

DOI: 10.11898/1001-7313.20230510
  • 1.

    Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081

  • 2.

    National Meteorological Center, Beijing 100081

  • 3.

    CSIC Haizhuang Wind Power Co., Ltd., Chongqing 401122

  • 4.

    Heilongjiang Meteorological Office, Harbin 150030

  • Received Date: 2023-04-12
  • Rev Recd Date: 2023-06-26
  • Publish Date: 2023-09-30
    Abstract
  • Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei and neighbouring areas (34°-43°N, 113°-123°E) are located at the north edge of the East Asian summer monsoon, and they are also the main heavy-rain areas in northern China. The hourly precipitation data of 87 national meteorological stations from 1966 to 2021 are used for the analysis of spatial distribution and interannual variations, while the data of 298 stations from 1980 to 2021 are used to statistically analyze the diurnal variations and interannual variations of light precipitation (0.1-20 mm·h-1) and short-time heavy precipitation (no less than 20 mm·h-1) for the warm season (May-September) over the region. The results show that the annual average light precipitation and frequency in Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei and neighbouring areas during the warm season are much higher than those of short-time heavy precipitation. However, there is an area in the west of the Bohai Sea Region (37°-41°N, 115°-119.5°E) with high short-time heavy rainfall intensity but weak rainfall amount and frequency, which means the convective characteristics of short-time precipitation over this area are more extreme and significant. The interannual variations of two kinds of precipitation amount, frequency, and intensity in Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei and neighbouring areas excluding the west of Bohai Sea Region both present an overall growing trend in the warm season, in which the increasing trend of short-time heavy precipitation is more obvious, but the trend in the west of the Bohai Sea Region is not obvious. The diurnal variation amplitudes of light precipitation amount and frequency in Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei and neighbouring areas excluding the west of the Bohai Sea Region are significantly weaker than those of short-time heavy precipitation, but the peak durations are significantly longer. Compared to Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei and neighbouring areas excluding the west of the Bohai Sea Region, two types of precipitation in the west of the Bohai Sea Region from July to September are more frequent and the rainfall peak durations are longer. The interannual variations of precipitation in different periods of the whole day show that the light precipitation in two regions both decrease in the afternoon, while the short-time heavy precipitation has weakened significantly in the afternoon since 2005, but increased significantly from midnight to early morning.
    • FullText(HTML)
    References(30)

  • Fig. 1  Distribution of national meteorological stations in Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei and neighbouring areas

    (the gray shaded denotes terrain height, square symbols denote 87 valid stations from May to Sep from 1966 to 2021 and 298 valid stations from 1980 to 2021, of which the added stations are indicated by triangles, box denotes the west plains of the Bohai Sea Region)

    DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

    Fig. 2  Spatial distribution of rainfall during warm season over Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei and its neighbouring areas from 1966 to 2021 (the black box denotes the west plains of the Bohai Sea Region)

    (a)averaged annual rainfall (the shaded) of light precipitation, (b)averaged annual rainfall (the shaded) of short-term heavy precipitation, (c)hourly precipitation frequency (the shaded) and averaged hourly rainfall intensity (the isoline, unit:mm·h-1) of light precipitation, (d)hourly precipitation frequency (the shaded) and averaged hourly rainfall intensity (the isoline, unit:mm·h-1) of short-term heavy precipitation

    DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

    Fig. 3  Three-year running standardized averaged hourly rainfall amount, frequency, intensity over Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei and its neighbouring areas excluding the west plains of the Bohai Sea Region and the west plains of Bohai Sea Region during warm season of 1966-2021

    DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

    Fig. 4  The same as in Fig. 3, but for Jul and Aug from 1966 to 2021

    DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

    Fig. 5  Standardized diurnal variations of averaged hourly rainfall amount, frequency and intensity over Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei and its neighbouring areas excluding the west plains of the Bohai Sea Region and the west plain of Bohai Sea Region during warm season from 1980 to 2021

    DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

    Fig. 6  The same as in Fig. 5, but for May to Jun from 1980 to 2021

    DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

    Fig. 7  Interannual changes of standardized diurnal variation during warm season over Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei and its neighbouring areas excluding the west plains of Bohai Sea Region (the shaded) and the west plains of the Bohai Sea Region (the isoline)(thin solid lines denote values greater than 1.0, thick solid lines denote values equal to 1.0, thin dashed lines denote values less than 1.0)

    (a)average hourly rainfall amount of light precipitation,(b)average hourly rainfall amount of short-term heavy precipitation,(c)average hourly rainfall frequency of light precipitation,(d)average hourly rainfall frequency of short-term heavy precipitation,(e)average hourly rainfall intensity of light precipitation,(f)average hourly rainfall intensity of short-term heavy precipitation

    DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint
  • [1]
    Bao X H, Xia R D, Luo Y L, et al. Comparative analysis on meteorological and hydrological rain gauge observations of the extreme heavy rainfall event in Henan Province during July 2021. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2022, 33(6): 668-681. doi:  10.11898/1001-7313.20220603
    [2]
    Chyi D, He L F, Wang X M, et al. Fine observation characteristics and thermodynamic mechanisms of extreme heavy rainfall in Henan on 20 July 2021. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2022, 33(1): 1-15. doi:  10.11898/1001-7313.20220101
    [3]
    Chen J, Zheng Y G, Zhang X L, et al. Distribution and diurnal variation of warm-season short-duration heavy rainfall in relation to the MCSs in China. Acta Meteor Sinica, 2013, 27(6): 868-888. doi:  10.1007/s13351-013-0605-x
    [4]
    Zheng Y G, Xue M, Li B, et al. Spatial characteristics of extreme rainfall over China with hourly through 24-hour accumulation periods based on national-level hourly rain gauge data. Adv Atmos Sci, 2016, 33(11): 1218-1232. doi:  10.1007/s00376-016-6128-5
    [5]
    Zheng Y G, Gong Y D, Chen J, et al. Warm-season diurnal variations of total, stratiform, convective, and extreme hourly precipitation over central and eastern China. Adv Atmos Sci, 2019, 36(2): 143-159. doi:  10.1007/s00376-018-7307-3
    [6]
    Gong Y D. Warm-season Spatiotemporal Distribution Characteristics of Precipitation and Extreme Heavy Precipitation over Central Eastern China. Beijing: Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, 2018.
    [7]
    Wei J, Zhang Q Y, Tao S Y. Characteristics of atmospheric circulation anomalies during persistent droughts in North China for last two decades. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2003, 14(2): 140-151. http://qikan.camscma.cn/article/id/20030219
    [8]
    Liu H W, Ding Y H. The interdecadal variability of summer precipitation over North China. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2011, 22(2): 129-137. http://qikan.camscma.cn/article/id/20110201
    [9]
    Yang R Z, Xing P, Du W P, et al. Climatic characteristics of precipitation in North China from 1961 to 2017. Scientia Geographica Sinica, 2020, 40(9): 1573-1583. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DLKX202009019.htm
    [10]
    Liang S J, Cheng S J, Hao L S, et al. Analysis on the characteristics of hourly precipitation variations in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region during 1970-2015. Torrential Rain and Disasters, 2018, 37(2): 105-114. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-HBQX201802002.htm
    [11]
    Wu Z H. Climate analysis of summer short-period precipitation in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Area. Chinese J Atmos Sci, 1993, 17(3): 268-273. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DQXK199303001.htm
    [12]
    Dai A G, Lin X, Hsu K L. The frequency, intensity, and diurnal cycle of precipitation in surface and satellite observations over low-and mid-latitudes. Climate Dyn, 2007, 29(7): 727-744.
    [13]
    Zhou T J, Yu R C, Chen H M, et al. Summer precipitation frequency, intensity, and diurnal cycle over China: A comparison of satellite data with rain gauge observations. J Climate, 2008, 21(16): 3997-4010.
    [14]
    Chen G X, Sha W M, Iwasaki T. Diurnal variation of precipitation over southeastern China: Spatial distribution and its seasonality. J Geophys Res Atmos, 2009, 114. DOI:  10.1029/2008JD011103.
    [15]
    Yu R C, Xu Y P, Zhou T J, et al. Relation between rainfall duration and diurnal variation in the warm season precipitation over central eastern China. Geophys Res Lett, 2007, 34(13). DOI:  10.1029/2007GL030315.
    [16]
    Yuan W H, Yu R C, Li J. Changes in the diurnal cycles of precipitation over eastern China in the past 40 years. Adv Atmos Sci, 2013, 30(2): 461-467.
    [17]
    Yu R C, Li J, Chen H M, et al. Progress in studies of the precipitation diurnal variation over contiguous China. Acta Meteor Sinica, 2014, 72(5): 948-968. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-QXXB201405012.htm
    [18]
    Han H, Wu H M, Huang A N. Temporal and spatial distributions of the diurnal cycle of summer precipitation over North China. Chinese J Atmos Sci, 2017, 41(2): 263-274. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DQXK201702004.htm
    [19]
    Cheng C L, Li Q C, Dou Y J, et al. Diurnal variation and distribution of short-duration heavy rainfall in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region in summer based on high-density automatic weather station data. Atmosphere, 2021, 12(10): 1263.
    [20]
    Zhang Q, Zhao Y F, Fan S H. Development of hourly precipitation datasets for national meteorological stations in China. Torrential Rain and Disasters, 2016, 35(2): 182-186. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-HBQX201602012.htm
    [21]
    Ye D X, Zhang C J. Climatic Atlas of Extreme Precipitation in China. Beijing: China Meteorological Press, 2014.
    [22]
    Li J, Yu R C, Sun W. Duration and seasonality of the hourly extreme rainfall in the central-eastern part of China. Acta Meteor Sinica, 2013, 71(4): 652-659. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-QXXB201304006.htm
    [23]
    Taszarek M, Allen J T, Groenemeijer P, et al. Severe convective storms across Europe and the United States. Part Ⅰ: Climatology of lightning, large hail, severe wind, and tornadoes. J Climate, 2020, 33(23): 10239-10261.
    [24]
    Gao X M, Yu X D, Wang L J, et al. Comparative analysis of two strong convections triggered by sea-breeze front in Shandong Peninsula. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2018, 29(2): 245-256. doi:  10.11898/1001-7313.20180210
    [25]
    Wang C X, Gao S T, Ran L K, et al. Effects of topographic perturbation on the precipitation distribution in Sichuan. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2019, 30(5): 586-597. doi:  10.11898/1001-7313.20190507
    [26]
    Pan H, Chen G X. Diurnal variations of precipitation over North China regulated by the mountain-plains solenoid and boundary-layer inertial oscillation. Adv Atmos Sci, 2019, 36(8): 863-884.
    [27]
    Luo R. Statistical Characteristics of Nocturnal Heavy Rainfall and a Case Study of Mechanism in North China. Beijing: Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, 2020.
    [28]
    Li X, Zhang L. Formation mechanism and microphysics characteristics of heavy rainfall caused by northward-moving typhoons. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2022, 33(1): 29-42. doi:  10.11898/1001-7313.20220103
    [29]
    Chang Y, Guo X L, Tang J, et al. Microphysical characteristics and precipitation formation mechanisms of convective clouds over the Tibetan Plateau. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2021, 32(6): 720-734. doi:  10.11898/1001-7313.20210607
    [30]
    Cai J Q, Tan G R, Niu R Y. Circulation pattern classification of persistent heavy rainfall in Jianghuai Region based on the transfer learning CNN model. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2021, 32(2): 233-244. doi:  10.11898/1001-7313.20210208
    • Relative Articles
    • Supplements(0)
    • Cited By
  • 加载中
  • -->

Catalog

    Figures(7)

    Get Citation
    PDF
    XML
    Article views (760) PDF downloads(165) Cited by()
    • Received : 2023-04-12
    • Accepted : 2023-06-26
    • Published : 2023-09-30
    Journal Online
    Contact

    © 2020 Journal of Applied Meteorological Science   京ICP备15006967号-1

    Supported by Beijing Renhe Information Technology Co. Ltd

    /

    DownLoad:  Full-Size Img  PowerPoint
    Return