Construction and Application of Weather Radar Aerial Ecological Monitoring System

Liang Li; Ma Shuqing; Teng Yupeng; Hu Cheng; Cui Kai; Wu Dongli; Wu Lei; Hu Heng; Zhu Yongchao; Zhang Guanglei

doi:10.11898/1001-7313.20230511

Vol.34, NO.5, 2023

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Article Navigation > Journal of Applied Meteorological Science > 2023 > 34(5): 630-640

Liang Li, Ma Shuqing, Teng Yupeng, et al. Construction and application of Weather Radar Aerial Ecological Monitoring System. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2023, 34(5): 630-640. DOI: 10.11898/1001-7313.20230511.

Citation:

Liang Li, Ma Shuqing, Teng Yupeng, et al. Construction and application of Weather Radar Aerial Ecological Monitoring System. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2023, 34(5): 630-640. DOI: 10.11898/1001-7313.20230511.

Liang Li, Ma Shuqing, Teng Yupeng, et al. Construction and application of Weather Radar Aerial Ecological Monitoring System. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2023, 34(5): 630-640. DOI: 10.11898/1001-7313.20230511.

Citation:

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Construction and Application of Weather Radar Aerial Ecological Monitoring System

DOI: 10.11898/1001-7313.20230511

1.
CMA Meteorological Observation Center, Beijing 100081
2.
Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029
3.
Radar Research Lab, School of Information and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081
4.
Beijing Huayun Orient Detection Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing 100081

Received Date: 2023-05-19
Rev Recd Date: 2023-06-30
Publish Date: 2023-09-30

Abstract

Abstract

Ecological monitoring is an important part of environmental protection. To monitor the movement and abundance of animals in the airspace, an Aerial Ecological Monitoring System (AEMS) is developed by CMA Meteorological Observation Center for China's next-generation weather radar (CINRAD) network. Characteristics of weather radar clear air echo data and airborne biological scattering data are studied to identify biological echoes through fuzzy logic algorithm, and the system can monitor real-time ecological activities of insects such as biological density, migration path and space-time distribution.Weather Radar Airborne Ecological Monitoring System has been put into trial operation since May 2022. During the real-time monitoring period, it's found that the insect activity shows obvious spatial and temporal distribution characteristics. From August to September, pests are of large quantity and wide range, indicating urgent need of insect disaster prevention and control. In May, June, September, and October, insect activity gradually increases from 2000 BT every day, reaches its peak from 2200 BT to 2300 BT, gradually decreases thereafter, and disappears mostly by 0600 BT. In July and August, insect activity gradually increases from 2000 BT every day, with a peak from 2100 BT to 2200 BT. Insect activity begins during the daytime, increases at 0600 BT, becomes more frequent at 1300 BT, and gradually decreases thereafter. From May to July, there is a significant shift from south to north (i.e., northward migration process), and in late August, it quickly changes into a to southward migration. The southward migration process of insects is larger and more numerous than the northward migration process. It's verified that the system can effectively monitor real-time aerial ecology, providing technology and data support for precise pest control.However, characteristics of pests need further research and clear distribution of pests is an urgent need. Therefore, in-depth research will be carried out on aerial ecological classification technology, combined with other direct observation means such as real-time monitoring by drones to explore the relationship between radar detection and different pests, and improve the ability to identify different kinds of insects.
- ecological monitoring;
- weather radar;
- biological echoes;
- insect flight

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Figures and Tables

Fig. 1 Layout of Weather Radar Aerial Ecological Monitoring System

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Fig. 2 System framework diagram

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Fig. 3 Functional framework diagram

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Fig. 4 Biological echo recognition process

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Fig. 5 Schematic diagram of trapezoidal membership function

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Fig. 6 Relationship between insect density and reflectivity

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Fig. 7 Insect activities at 0000 BT 26 Aug 2022

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Fig. 8 Diurnal activities of insect at Zhengzhou Station from May to Oct in 2022

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Fig. 9 Insect migration direction at 0000 BT 24 May 2022

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Fig. 10 Insect migration direction at 2100 BT 30 Aug 2022

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Table 1 Characteristic parameters of different echoes

回波类型	特征参数	阈值1	阈值2	阈值3	阈值4
湍流回波	差分反射率/dB	-4	-1	3	5
	相关系数	0.3	0.5	0.8	0.9
	反射率因子纹理/dB	-1	0	6	10
	差分相位纹理/(°)	0	10	40	180
生物回波	差分反射率/dB	0	2	10	12
	相关系数	0.3	0.5	0.8	1
	反射率因子纹理/dB	1	2	4	7
	差分相位纹理/(°)	8	10	40	60
降水回波	差分反射率/dB	f₁-0.3	f₁	f₂	f₂+0.3
	相关系数	0.92	0.94	1	1.01
	反射率因子纹理(dB)	0	0.5	5	8
	差分相位纹理(°)	0	1	25	30

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Table 2 Body parameters and equivalent simulation parameters of common insects

昆虫	平均体重/mg	平均体长/mm	平均体宽/mm	S波段生物体后向散射截面积/m²	X波段生物体后向散射截面积/m²
桃蛀螟、甜菜白带野螟、二点委夜蛾	22.1	13.0	3.2	5.6234×10^-6	3.2×10^-3
棉铃虫、银纹夜蛾	114.8	16.7	5.4	1.0471×10^-4	3.8019×10^-4
粘虫、小地老虎、黄地老虎、斜纹夜蛾	145.4	19.0	5.8	2.3988×10^-4	4.1687×10^-4

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