Characteristics of Precipitation Cloud System in Northeast China Cold Vortex at Changbai Mountain Foothills

Wang Xiujuan; Qi Yanbin; Jiang Xiaoling; Yu Dongjia; Wang Tianqi

doi:10.11898/1001-7313.20240302

Vol.35, NO.3, 2024

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Article Navigation > Journal of Applied Meteorological Science > 2024 > 35(3): 272-284

Wang Xiujuan, Qi Yanbin, Jiang Xiaoling, et al. Characteristics of precipitation cloud system in Northeast China cold vortex at Changbai Mountain foothills. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2024, 35(3): 272-284. DOI: 10.11898/1001-7313.20240302.

Citation:

Wang Xiujuan, Qi Yanbin, Jiang Xiaoling, et al. Characteristics of precipitation cloud system in Northeast China cold vortex at Changbai Mountain foothills. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2024, 35(3): 272-284. DOI: 10.11898/1001-7313.20240302.

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Characteristics of Precipitation Cloud System in Northeast China Cold Vortex at Changbai Mountain Foothills

DOI: 10.11898/1001-7313.20240302

Wang Xiujuan^{1, 2, 3},
Qi Yanbin^{1, 2, 3
,
,},
Jiang Xiaoling^{1, 2, 3},
Yu Dongjia^{1, 2, 3},
Wang Tianqi^{1, 2, 3}

1.
Jilin Province Technology Center for Meteorological Disaster Prevention, Changchun 130062
2.
Joint Open Laboratory for Weather Modification of China Meteorological Administration/People's Government of Jilin Province, Changchun 130062
3.
Jilin Cloud Physics Field Scientific Test Base, CMA, Changchun 130062

Received Date: 2024-01-05
Rev Recd Date: 2024-03-06
Publish Date: 2024-05-31

Abstract

Abstract

Utilizing the microwave radiometer data and hourly rainfall data in Jilin Cloud Physics Field Scientific Test Base, CMA, the precipitation cloud system in Northeast China cold vortex at the Changbai Mountain foothills is analyzed. Rainfall events are divided into heavy precipitation, moderate intensity precipitation, and weak precipitation. Assisted by ERA5 reanalysis data, results show that the middle and high clouds appear first by 6 hours before the precipitation occurrence at the Changbai Mountain foothills. Water vapor and cloud water are both important for the occurrence and maintenance of heavy precipitation induced by Northeast China cold vortex. The cloud liquid water appears approximately with the height of 5-6 km by 4 hours before the precipitation induced by Northeast China cold vortex. Two hours before precipitation, the cloud descendes sharply. During one hour after the three types precipitation occurrence, the vapor density respectively leap to 13-14 g·m^-3, 9-12 g·m^-3, and 7-9 g·m^-3 below 1 km height. Integrated water vapor during three types of precipitation increase to 5.8 cm, 4.2 cm, and 3.5 cm, respectively. The water vapor increases 5 hours before the occurrence of strong precipitation below 6 km height. The vapor density increases to 12-14 g·m^-3 below 1 km height. There is cloud liquid water with 1.0-1.6 g·m^-3 at the height of 5-6 km in the temperature layers of -5--10 ℃, which contributes to the formation of ice and snow crystals. Six hours before the heavy precipitation, moderate intensity precipitation, and weak precipitation, the integrated cloud liquid water are 4.2-4.8 mm, 3.0 mm, 2.3 mm, respectively. There are middle and high clouds in the temperature layers of -6 ℃ and -16 ℃. The height of cloud base drops sharply from 5.5-7 km to the ground, while the relative humidity drops sharply. These characteristics continue until the beginning of heavy rainfall. For moderate and weak precipitation induced by Northeast China cold vortex, there is middle cloud before the precipitation, and the cloud liquid water is 0.4-0.8 g· m^-3 at the height of 5-6 km. However, there is no characteristic of water vapor jumping or relative humidity decreasing.Through the study of these physical quantity characteristics, indicators with indicative and predictive significance for precipitation induced by Northeast China cold vortex have been established.
- Northeast China cold vortex;
- microwave radiometers;
- precipitation;
- statistical analysis

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Figures and Tables

Fig. 1 Vertical distribution of water vapor density (unit:g·m^-3) for heavy precipitation, moderate intensity precipitation and weak precipitation induced by Northeast China cold vortex at Jingyu Station in 2020

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Fig. 2 Vertical distribution of integrated water vapor for heavy precipitation, moderate intensity precipitation and weak precipitation induced by Northeast China cold vortex at Jingyu Station in 2020

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Fig. 3 Vertical distribution of cloud liquid water (the shaded) and temperature layers (the isoline, unit:℃) for heavy precipitation, moderate intensity precipitation and weak precipitation induced by Northeast China cold vortex at Jingyu Station in 2020

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Fig. 4 Vertical distribution of integrated cloud liquid water for heavy precipitation, moderate intensity precipitation and weak precipitation induced by Northeast China cold vortex during at Jingyu Station in 2020

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Fig. 5 Vertical distribution of integrated cloud liquid water and integrated water vapor, conversion rate of water vapor to cloud liquid water for heavy precipitation, moderate intensity precipitation, weak precipitation induced by Northeast China cold vortex at Jingyu Station in 2020

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Fig. 6 Height of cloud base and relative humidity for heavy precipitation, moderate intensity precipitation and weak precipitation induced by Northeast China cold vortex at Jingyu Station in 2020

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Fig. 7 Integrated atmospheric moisture flux at 0800 BT 13 Aug 2020 (the black dot denotes location of observation site)

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Fig. 8 Vertical section of potential vorticity(the isoline, unit:PVU), pseudo-equivalent potential temperature (the shaded) and vertical velocity along 127°E at 0800 BT 13 Aug 2020 (the brown solid line denotes the frontal zone)

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Fig. 9 Height-time distribution of ice water content, snow water content, cloud liquid water content, rain water content at Jingyu Station from 0600 BT 13 Aug to 0100 14 Aug in 2020 (the isoline denotes temperature, unit:℃)

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Table 1 Three-type precipitation induced by Northeast China cold vortex at Jingyu Station in 2020

类别	分类编号	降水起止时间
强降水	1	08-09T10：00—18：00
强降水	2	08-13T12：00—14T01：00
中等强度降水	1	05-17T02：00—07：00
	2	05-24T01：00—08：00
	3	07-19T11：00—20T00：00
	4	08-03T23：00—04T02：00
	5	08-04T16：00—20：00
	6	08-15T16：00—20：00
	7	09-16T01：00—09：00
	8	09-16T18：00—21：00
	9	09-19T01：00—02：00
弱降水	1	05-10T16：00—17：00
	2	05-12T04：00—13：00
	3	05-13T03：00—04：00
	4	05-15T18：00—20：00
	5	05-18T10：00—17：00
	6	06-01T03：00—14：00
	7	06-15T01：00—02：00
	8	08-11T18：00—19：00
	9	08-14T19：00—20：00
	10	09-09T15：00—10T05：00
	11	09-22T14：00—18：00
	12	10-01T17：00—21：00

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