Vorticity Source Energy Source and Energy Propagation of the Teleconnection Patterns in the Upper Troposphere of Northern Hemisphere

The vorticity source, energy source and energy propagations of the two major teleconnection patterns (the Atlantic/Eurasian pattern and Pacific/North American pattern) are studied with ECMWF data of 1980~1988, respectively. It is found that the vorticity source and energy source of these two teleconnection patterns were mainly concentrated in the North Atlantic and North Pacific regions, respectively. They obtained energy from climatologically mean flow through barotropic energy conversions in the North Atlantic and North Pacific regions, respectively, and propagate the energy outside from these two regions, so as to maintain their horizontal teleconnection structures.