Vol.18, NO.2, 2007
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Xu Qun, Zhang Yanxia. Meiyu of the Huaihe Basin in recent 52 years. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2007, 18(2): 147-157.
Citation: Xu Qun, Zhang Yanxia. Meiyu of the Huaihe Basin in recent 52 years. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2007, 18(2): 147-157.
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Meiyu of the Huaihe Basin in Recent 52 Years

  • 1.

    Jiangsu Meteorological Institute, Nanjing 210008

  • 2.

    Department of Atmospheric Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093

  • 3.

    Institute of Tropical and Marine Meteorology, CMA, Guangzhou 510080

  • Received Date: 2005-09-19
  • Rev Recd Date: 2007-01-09
  • Publish Date: 2007-04-30
    Abstract
  • Climate data show that the Meiyu period exists not only in the mid lower Yangtze Basin (MLYB), but also prevails in central southern part of the Huaihe Basin. Then using the daily rainfall data of 5 stations evenly distributed in the latter region with the consideration of seasonally moving process of the pentad ridge's line of west Pacific high, Meiyu periods of the Huaihe Basin (HB) in recent 52 years (1953—2004) are delimited. They are very significant as the same exist in the MLYB, their average onset and ending dates are June 25 and July 21, later than the average Meiyu periods of MLYB by 5 days and 7 days respectively. However the inter annual changes of the HB Meiyu are large, the range of onset days reaches 41 days and the amplitude of ending dates approaches 2.5 months in the recent 52 years. In 8 years (occupying 15.4%), the HB Meiyu are absent, but plenty numbers of the HB Meiyu(exceeding the average value of more than 20%)also occur in 18 years (occupying 34.6%). As early Meiyu period (EMP) has appeared in MLYB, it also occurs in Huaihe Basin during 5 years, they arethe certain kind of Meiyu periods appearing abnormally early in May, however after they end, the summer monsoon rain belts of east China (SMRBEC) retreat to south un til the beginning of the main Meiyu period in June/July. The inter annual change of the HB Meiyu plays a key role which causes the summer trend of whether drought or flood in these regions. Most anomalies of the Meiyu amount both in the Huaihe Basin and in the MLYB have the same sign; however the opposite signs to each other have appeared in 1/4 of the cases. The inter annual changes of the HB Meiyu have enhanced since late 1970s, such abrupt change of the HB Meiyu means the weak condition with earlier ending dates in former stage abruptly transforms into a new stage around 1979, having the following characteristics:higher amount of HB Meiyu with later ending dates accompanied by strong short waves of 2.2—2.3 years. The average HB Meiyu amount of the latter 26 years since 1979 is higher than the former 26 years by nearly 30%, such contrast is especially significant between the following 2 stages:the anomalous weak HB Meiyu in 1958—1966 and the anomalous plenty HB Meiyu in 1979—1987. From the point of atmospheric circulation, it is found that the July coastal trough (at 500 hPa level) in the mid latitudes of East Asia (JCTEA) tends to move southward more frequently since 1979, then the west Pacific high and its northern SMRBEC retreat accompanied by the delay of HB Meiyu and the higher amounts. Such JCTEA has bigger influence on the HB Meiyu and its ending dates than those of either Okhotsk high or Ural high. First analysis shows that the abrupt change since 1979 may be closely associated with many effects of anthropogenic activities in different scales, such as the enhanced global warming, the increasing smoke and dusts over central eastern China due to the acceleration of industrialization etc.
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    References(11)

  • Fig. 1  Meridian-time variations of the 10 d average precipitation in east China(110°—120°E)during 1951—2000(unit:mm)

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    Fig. 2  Locations of the Huaihe Basin(white area)with its 5 rainfall stations in east China

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    Fig. 3  1953—2002 summer daily variations of rainy indices of the Huaihe Basin daily rainfall for the sum of 5 stations and number of rainy days for the whole of 5 stations

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    Fig. 4  Correlation distributions for summer rainfall of 268 stations in China with Huaihe Basin Meiyu amounts(a), with summer rainfall of the whole 5 basic stations(SRW5BS)in the Huaihe Basin(b), with the mid-lower Yangtze Basin(MLYB)Meiyu amounts(c)and with another SRW5BS along the MLYB(d)in 1953—2003 respectively

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    Fig. 5  Comparison of high correlation reg ions(exceeding 95% confidence limit)for summer rainfall of 268 station in China(SR268)with the Huaihe Basin Meiyu amounts and the MLYB Meiyu amounts respectively(a), comparsion also for high correlation regions of SR268 with SRW5BS in the Huaihe Basin and with another SRW5BS along MLYB respectively(b)

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    Fig. 6  Annual variation of the Meiyu onset day(a), ending date(b), the Meiyu amounts(c)in the Huaihe Basin and the curve of standard deviation of the 10-year running average Huaihe Basin Meiyu amounts(d)

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    Fig. 7  The M-K statistical curves of the standard deviations of the 10-year running average of Meiyu onset day(a), ending date(b), the Meiyu amounts(c)

    (the horizontal line denotes the degree of confidence at 99. 9%)

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    Fig. 8  Distributions of July rainfall anomalies in China during 2 abnormal stages of the Huaihe Basin Meiyu respectively(unit:mm)(a)1958—1966,(b)1979—1987

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    Fig. 9  500 hPa height fields(unit:dagpm)of the Northern Hemisphere averaged in July during 1958—1966(a), 1979—1987(b), distribution of high correlation region between the Huaihe Basin Meiyu amounts and 500 hPa height fields in July(c)

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    Table  1  Standards for defining the concentrated rainy periods of the main stream region in the Huaihe Basin

    Table  2  Percentage of the occurrences for 3 classes of the Meiyu amounts in the Huaihe Basin and the mid-lower Yangtze Basin(MLYB)

    Table  3  Comparison of ordinal numbers for 10 maximal years of summer rainfall for the whole Huaihe Basin, 10 maximal years of summer rainfall of 5 basic stations and 10 maximal Huaihe Basin Meiyu years

    Table  4  Significantly contrasting years for the Meiyu anomaly percentages in 2 regions(unit:%)

    Table  5  Significant periods of the Huaihe Basin Meiyu during 1953—2004(unit:a)

    Table  6  Comparison of associated elements of the Huaihe Basin Meiyu during 2 anomalos stages

    Table  7  Correlation coefficients of assoiated elements of the Huaihe Basin Meiyu during 1953—2004
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    • Received : 2005-09-19
    • Accepted : 2007-01-09
    • Published : 2007-04-30
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