Miao Shiguang, Sun Guiping, Ma Yan, et al. The development of high resolution numerical model system for Qingdao Olympic Sailing Competition. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2009, 20(3): 370-379.
Citation: Miao Shiguang, Sun Guiping, Ma Yan, et al. The development of high resolution numerical model system for Qingdao Olympic Sailing Competition. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2009, 20(3): 370-379.

The Development of High Resolution Numerical Model System for Qingdao Olympic Sailing Competition

  • Received Date: 2008-09-23
  • Rev Recd Date: 2009-02-13
  • Publish Date: 2009-06-30
  • In order to improve the skill of weather forecast and provide better meteorological service for Olympic Sailing Competition, high resolution numerical model system for Qingdao Olympic Sailing Competition (including forecast model and interpretation models) is developed.Based on Weather Research & Forecast (WRF) Model Version 3.0, a forecast model is set up with gird of 60×50×38 and horizontal resolution of 500 m. It takes about 1 hour and 20 minutes to produce 15-hour forecast on an IBM computer with 8 threads, which meets the requirement of operational forecast. Dynamic interpretations to the forecast results are carried out with the aid of a high resolution Planetary Boundary Layer Model (PBLM) and an Urban Neighborhood Scale Model (UNSM) (with the horizontal resolution of 100 m and 10 m respectively).This model system runs continuously during the summer of 2008, and the model products are used in Qingdao Branch of Beijing Olympic Meteorological Service Center. Results show that, the model system is robust and practical, and performs quite well on the simulation of urban heat island and local circulations (e.g., sea-land breeze and terrain/building effects). Analyses of numerical cases indicate that urbanization leads to urban heat island, increases sea-land temperature difference, and strengthens sea-breeze. Mean-while the drag effect of urban building decreases the wind speed, and slows down the advance of sea-breeze. The introducing of fine underlying surface data is critical to high resolution numerical simulation of local circulations (e.g., sea-breeze).The dynamic interpretation to the forecast results with the aid of a high resolution PBLM with the horizontal resolution of 100 m indicates that, generally PBLM could simulate the wind field and the effects of surrounding terrain very well. The PBLM results are consistent with the observations from buoys and automatic weather stations, and have similar charaeteristies with Lidar observations. Further fine-scale dnamic interpretation in terms of UNSM with the horizontal resolution of 10 meters shows that UNSM could well simulate the wind in urban blocks. So the dynamic interpretations based on the terrain-following coordinate PBLM and the build-aware UNSM are effective to simulate the effect of local terrain and buildings on the wind in interest venues.
  • Fig. 1  Sketch of high-resolution numerical model system for Qingdao Olympic Sailing Competition

    Fig. 2  Land use and land cover in Qingdao

    (a) USGS data, (b) the data from this study

    Fig. 3  10 m wind (pink barbs for simulated, red barbs for observed〉and 2 m temperature (white isolines for simulated, red numbers for observed) from WRF simulation and observation on 18 August 2008

    (a) 14:00, data from the current study, (b) 17:00, data from the current study, (c) 14:00, USGS daia, (d) 17:00, USGS data

    Fig. 4  Section plane of wind, temperature and specific humidity along the red line in Fig. 3a from WRF simulation at 16:00 18 August 2008

    ((a) data from the current study, (b) USGS data (black barb is v and w×10, red solid line is temperature, unit: ℃; green dashed line is specific humidity, unit: g·kg-1)

    Fig. 5  Wind profilers at Qingdao station from simulation and observation at 19:00 18 August 2008

    (a) meridional wind speed, (b) horizontal wind vector

    Fig. 6  Terrain around Qingdao Olympic sailing venue and wind field at the height of 10 m (black barbs for simulated wind by PBLM, green isolines for horizontal wind speed; red barbs for observed wind, red numbers for observed wind speed; unit of wind speed is m·s-1)

    (a) 09:00 15 August 2008, (b) 11:00 15 August 2008, (c) 12:00 15 August 2008, (d) 12:00 18 August 2008

    Fig. 7  Terrain and building height (shaded, unit:m) around Qingdao Olympic Theme Park (red star), and 10 m wind (streamlines and isolines, unit:m·s-1) at 20:00 9 August 2008 from UNSM simulation

    Table  1  Comparison of the WRF-simulated and observed surface variables

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    • Received : 2008-09-23
    • Accepted : 2009-02-13
    • Published : 2009-06-30

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