Vol.21, NO.3, 2010
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Wei Yingzhi, Wu Chenfeng, Su Weidong. Extracting typhoon environmental wind field using doppler radar radial velocity. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2010, 21(3): 307-316.
Citation: Wei Yingzhi, Wu Chenfeng, Su Weidong. Extracting typhoon environmental wind field using doppler radar radial velocity. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2010, 21(3): 307-316.
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Extracting Typhoon Environmental Wind Field Using Doppler Radar Radial Velocity

  • 1.

    Fujian Provincial Meteorological Bureau，Fuzhou 350001

  • 2.

    Xiamen Meteorological Bureau，Xiamen 361012

  • 3.

    Putian Meteorological Bureau of Fujian Province，Putian 351100

  • Received Date: 2009-06-23
  • Rev Recd Date: 2010-02-25
  • Publish Date: 2010-06-30
    Abstract
  • It is always a challeging subject to forecast landing path of tropical cyclone and related wind distribution in operational weather forecast. Therefore, Doppler radar radial velocity is applied to the short term weather forecast as a new attempt. Rankine model is used to simulate the characteristics of the Doppler velocity (CDV) in the pure cyclone, and the impacts of both different environmental wind directions and convergent wind towards typhoon center are considered. Based on the simulation, the method of extracting typhoon environmental wind information is brought up, and then the extracted environmental wind is applied to judge the typhoon path. Comparison of radar observation and numerical simulation typhoon wind mainly focuses on three aspects: Deviation of typhoon center from zero velocity line, curvature difference of zero velocity line and difference between orders of positive and negative extreme velocities. A number of typhoon cases have been analyzed, especially during the key time of the turning of typhoon path, and it indicates that this method is good enough to judge the turning of the environmental wind of the CDV. At the same time, by comparing the Doppler radar velocity image and the simulation of different environmental wind directions, the direction and its change of the environmental air flow can be real time monitored (only 6 minutes for the interval of radar observation), so that the typhoon path can be well monitored, while this can hardly be achieved with large scale meteorological data. In particular, the turning of environmental wind occurs before the turning of typhoon path. For instance, the movement path of typhoon Aere changes from westward to southwestward and the simulation shows that there is an obvious change of the environmental wind more than 3 hours ago. For typhoon Nock Ten, when its movement path changes from northward to northwestward, the environmental wind direction changes from southward to southward by eastward at least 1 hour in advance. These results are important for the short term forecast of typhoon path both theoretically and practically. The stronger a typhoon is, the more obvious cyclonical circulation is, and thus the method performs better in estimating typhoon path, otherwise typhoon environmental wind information may affect the accuracy.
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    References(17)

  • Fig. 1  The simulation of Doppler velocity about typhoon circulation (a) with typhoon only, (b) with environmental wind (wind direction: 135°), (c) with environmental wind (wind direction: 45°), (d) with convergence wind and environmental wind simultaneously

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    Fig. 2  Velocity images of typhoon Aere at 03: 59 25 August 2004 (the typhoon center location: 115°/127 km; the radius of high wind: 50 km, maximum wind velocity: 30 m/s,enviromental wind velocity: 10 m/s) (a) measured by radar, (b) simulated in wind direction of 90°,(c) simulated in wind direction of 115°, (d) simulated in wind direction of 65°

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    Fig. 3  Velocity images of typhoon Aere at 05: 43 25 August 2004 (the typhoon center location: 135°/100 km; the radius of high wind: 50 km, maximum wind velocity: 60 m/s, enviromental wind velocity: 10 m/s)(a) measured by radar,(b) simulated in wind direction of 45°,(c) simulated in wind direction of 70°, (d) simulated m wind direction of 20°

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    Fig. 4  The comparison of the forecasting of typhoon Nock-Ten by JTWC (a) to observation(b)

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    Fig. 5  Velocity images of typhoon Nock-Ten at 23:44 24 October 2004 (the typhoon center location: 160°/118 km； the radius of high wind: 35 km, maximum wind velocity: 60 m/s, enviromental wind velocity: 10 m/s)(a) measured by radar, (b) simulated in wind direction of 160°,(c) simulated in wind direction of 185°, (d) simulated in wind direction of 135°

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    • Received : 2009-06-23
    • Accepted : 2010-02-25
    • Published : 2010-06-30
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