Vol.21, NO.5, 2010
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Article Navigation >  Journal of Applied Meteorological Science  > 2010  >  21(5): 590-597
Liu Xiaoran, Cheng Bingyan, Li Guoping. Variation characteristics and causes of the flood and drought in the three gorges area in summer. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2010, 21(5): 590-597.
Citation: Liu Xiaoran, Cheng Bingyan, Li Guoping. Variation characteristics and causes of the flood and drought in the three gorges area in summer. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2010, 21(5): 590-597.
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Variation Characteristics and Causes of the Flood and Drought in the Three Gorges Area in Summer

  • 1.

    Chongqing Climate Center, Chongqing 401147

  • 2.

    Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029

  • 3.

    Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049

  • 4.

    Department of Atmospheric Sciences, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu 610225

  • Received Date: 2009-11-12
  • Rev Recd Date: 2010-07-07
  • Publish Date: 2010-10-31
    Abstract
  • The Three Gorges area is located in the East Asian monsoon region. Under the influence of the monsoon activity, the precipitation of the Three Gorges area mainly concentrates on the period from June to August with relatively high variability, which is prone to the occurrence of the flood and drought disaster. The flood and drought of the Three Gorges area not only has a great impact on the lives of local residents and social activities, but also directly determines the operation and power generation efficiency of the Three Gorges Hydropower complex Project. As a result, the study of the variation characteristics and the formation of the flood and drought of the Three Gorges area is of great significance, providing a scientific decision base to prevent the disaster of flood and drought.
    The temporal evolution of the drought and flood of the Three Gorges area in summer and its circulation patterns in the anomalous years are analyzed, obtaining a consistent result. The droughts occur frequently in the Three Gorges area in summer from 1951 to 1978. Following, there is a decadal abrupt change from the droughts to the floods in 1979. Then the floods are popular in the Three Gorges area from 1979 to 2000. Severe droughts take place frequently in the Three Gorges area after 2001. The circulation patterns are obviously different between in severe flood years and in severe drought years of the Three Gorges area. As for the severe flood years of the Three Gorges area, the South Asia High strengthens in 100 hPa, and there is a "－+－" wave train from the west to the east of the Eurasia high latitude area in 500 hPa height anomaly, which reflects that there are continuing block highs in the Okhotsk and Ural regions. Furthermore, the weaker convections over the Western Pacific Warm Pool make the West Pacific Subtropical High to shift southward. In addition, there is strengthening southwest water vapor transport from the Three Gorges area to the Indo China peninsula, which enhances the water vapor convergence in the Three Gorges area. These circulation patterns are advantageous to the genesis of the floods in the Three Gorges area.
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  • Fig. 1  The change (a) and its moving t-statistic curve (b) of the flood and drought indexes of the Three Gorges area in summer from 1951 to 2008

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    Fig. 2  The change of the flood and drought grades of the Three Gorges area in summer from 1951 to 2008

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    Fig. 3  The composite anomaly fields of 100 hPa height in summer of the Three Gorges area (unit:gpm)

    (shaded areas denote passing the test of 0.1 level; the square frame is the Three Gorges area) (a) severe flood years, (b) severe drought years, (c) difference between severe flood and drought years

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    Fig. 4  The composite fields of 500 hPa height anomaly in summer of the Three Gorges area (unit:gpm)

    (shaded areas denote passing the test of 0.1 level; the square frame is the Three Gorges area) (a) severe flood years, (b) severe drought years, (c) difference between severe flood and drought years

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    Fig. 5  The composite anomaly fields of the water vapour flux of total layers stream vector in summer of the Three Gorges area

    (shade dareas denote passing the test of 0.1 level; the square frame is the Three Gorges area) (a) severe flood years, (b) severe drought years, (c) difference between severe flood and drought years

    DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

    Fig. 6  The composite anomaly fields of the water vapour flux divergence of total layers in summer of the Three Gorges area (unit:10-6 kg·m-2·s-1)

    (shaded areas denote passing the test of 0.1 level; the square frame is the Three Gorges area) (a) severef lood years, (b) severe drought years, (c) difference between severef lood and drought years

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    Fig. 7  The correlation distribution between the flood, drought indexes of the Three Gorges area in summer and the OLR over East Asian in summer (shaded areas denote passing the test of 0.05 level; the square frame is the Three Gorges area)

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    Table  1  Grades of drought and flood

    Table  2  The correlations between Z index of each stationin the Three Gorges area and the mean of Z index in summer rainfall from 1951 to 2008
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    • Received : 2009-11-12
    • Accepted : 2010-07-07
    • Published : 2010-10-31
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