Vol.22, NO.3, 2011
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Article Navigation >  Journal of Applied Meteorological Science  > 2011  >  22(3): 283-291
Zhou Guohua, Wang Panxing, Luo Xiaoli, et al. Characteristics of surface air temperature anomalies in China based on observations at 160 stations. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2011, 22(3): 283-291.
Citation: Zhou Guohua, Wang Panxing, Luo Xiaoli, et al. Characteristics of surface air temperature anomalies in China based on observations at 160 stations. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2011, 22(3): 283-291.
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Characteristics of Surface Air Temperature Anomalies in China Based on Observations at 160 Stations

  • 1.

    College of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044

  • 2.

    Yangzhou Meteorological Bureau of Jiangsu, Yangzhou 225009

  • 3.

    Chongzuo Meteorological Bureau of Guangxi, Chongzuo 530022

  • Received Date: 2010-07-09
  • Rev Recd Date: 2011-03-29
  • Publish Date: 2011-06-30
    Abstract
  • Three basic characteristics of seasonal and annual surface air temperature anomalies are analyzed by use of 160-station homogeneity adjustment scheme of China (Wang Panxing, et al, 2011) and conventional statistic methods.Anomalies in winter are the largest among the four seasons, occupying 47.7% of the total variance. Three north districts (namely Northwest China, North China and Northeast China) and the Tibetan Plateau are high variability regions in winter, with three north regions and the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River for summer.The variance contribution of the linear warming of seasonal and annual anomaly is significant, and there are distinct differences between winter and summer. Significant annual and winter linear warming occurs in Northeast China, North China, northwest of Xinjiang and southwest of Tibetan Plateau. Weak linear cooling is observed for several stations of central and South China. The significant warming in summer is mainly located in the north of Northeast China, north of North China and Tibetan Plateau, but the range and strength are obviously less than those in winter. There is a large range cooling zone in the northwest and southeastern in summer.The variance contribution of interdecadal changes for annual, winter and summer anomalies is significant, and there are obvious differences between winter and summer. The significant interdecadal changes for annual surface air temperature in three north regions, most part of Tibetan Plateau, central China and part of East China are related to winter, while the southeast coastal areas is related to summer.Annual and seasonal mean surface air temperature calculated by network homogeneity adjustment in China is reasonable. The linear warming tendency for the national annual temperature is 1.4℃/58 a, with the maximum of 2.3℃/58 a for winter and the minimum of 0.6℃/58 a for the summer. The interdecadal changes of summer surface air temperature persists positive since the middle 1990s, while for winter and the whole year, stable warming has begun since the middle 1980s.
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    References(23)

  • Fig. 1  The climatic values of surface air temperature for China from 1951 to 2008(unit: ℃)

    (a) annual, (b) winter, (c) summer

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    Fig. 2  Same as in Fig. 1, but for mean square deviation of surface air temperature (unit:℃)

    (a) annual, (b) winter, (c) summer

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    Fig. 3  Variance contribution of seasonal to annual surface air temperature (unit: %) of China from 1951 to 2008 (a) winter, (b) summer

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    Fig. 4  Same as in Fig. 1, but for variance contribution of the linear warming (unit: %)

    (a) annual, (b) winter, (c) summer

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    Fig. 5  Linear warming of China from 1951 to 2008(unit: ℃/58 a)

    (a) annual, (b) winter, (c) summer

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    Fig. 6  The evolution curves of mean surface air temperature anomalies of China from 1951 to 2008

    (a) annual, (b) winter, (c) summer

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    Fig. 7  Same as in Fig. 5, but for the interdecadal variance contribution (unit: %)

    (a) annual, (b) winter, (c) summer

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    Table  1  Seasonal and annual mean surface air temperature Tk, and their climatic variability σk, from 1951 to 2008 (unit: ℃)

    时段 Tk σk
    年 10.7 10.4 0.70 0.71
    冬季 -2.9 -3.2 1.45 1.50
    春季 11.9 11.5 1.02 1.03
    夏季 22.6 22.5 0.74 0.74
    秋季 11.0 10.9 0.89 0.90
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    Table  2  The mean of total variance, seasonal variance and ρk from 1951 to 2008

    时段 方差/℃2 ρk/%
    年 4.8
    冬季 2.3 47.7
    春季 1.1 23.4
    夏季 0.6 11.7
    秋季 0.8 17.2
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    Table  3  The mean of season variance Sk, linear trend variance lSk and lρk of surface air temperature from 1951 to 2008

    时段 Sk/℃2 lSk/℃2 lρk/%
    年 0.53 0.21 39.4*
    冬季 2.31 0.55 23.7*
    春季 1.13 0.25 22.2*
    夏季 0.57 0.08 14.8*
    秋季 0.84 0.17 20.6*
    注：*为通过α=0.01显著性检验，F0.01(1, 56)=7.13。
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    Table  4  Magnitudes of national mean surface air temperature change (unit:℃)

    时段 ΔTk(58) ΔTk(54) Δ
    年 1.4 1.1 1.3
    冬季 2.3 2.2 2.1
    春季 1.5 1.1 1.5
    夏季 0.6 0.3 0.8
    秋季 1.2 0.9 1.1
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    Table  5  The mean of interdecadal changes variance sSk and sρk from 1951 to 2008

    时段 sSk/℃2 sρk/%
    年 0.31 59.3*
    冬季 0.97 41.9*
    春季 0.45 39.3
    夏季 0.25 43.6*
    秋季 0.33 40.0
    注:*为通过α=0.01显著性检验，F0.01(12，45)=2.62。
    DownLoad: Download CSV
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    • Received : 2010-07-09
    • Accepted : 2011-03-29
    • Published : 2011-06-30
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