The Basic Climatic Features of Stratospheric Circulation Transition in Northern Hemisphere

Zhang Ling; Li Weijing; Chen Lijuan

Vol.22, NO.4, 2011

Article Contents

Article Navigation > Journal of Applied Meteorological Science > 2011 > 22(4): 411-420

Zhang Ling, Li Weijing, Chen Lijuan. The basic climatic features of stratospheric circulation transition in Northern Hemisphere. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2011, 22(4): 411-420.

Citation:

Zhang Ling, Li Weijing, Chen Lijuan. The basic climatic features of stratospheric circulation transition in Northern Hemisphere. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2011, 22(4): 411-420.

Zhang Ling, Li Weijing, Chen Lijuan. The basic climatic features of stratospheric circulation transition in Northern Hemisphere. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2011, 22(4): 411-420.

Citation:

Zhang Ling, Li Weijing, Chen Lijuan. The basic climatic features of stratospheric circulation transition in Northern Hemisphere. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2011, 22(4): 411-420.

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The Basic Climatic Features of Stratospheric Circulation Transition in Northern Hemisphere

1.
College of Atmospheric Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000
2.
Laboratory for Climate Studies, National Climate Center, CMA, Beijing 100081

Received Date: 2010-10-28
Rev Recd Date: 2011-04-22
Publish Date: 2011-08-31

Abstract

Abstract

The basic climatic features of stratospheric circulation in Northern Hemisphere demonstrate different forms in winter and summer. In winter, the cold cyclone system and westerly winds prevail in high latitudes, while in summer the situation is the opposite. In terms of inversion of geopotential height gradient and zonal wind direction, a transition date index (TDI) indicating the change dates from summer to winter circulations in the stratosphere in Northern Hemisphere is defined by using NCEP/NCAR reanalysis daily data. Some statistic methods such as linear tendency, wavelet analysis, binomial coefficient smooth and Mann-Kendall are applied to analyze the inter-annual and inter-decadal features of the transition dates at all main levels in the stratosphere. Results indicate that in the stratosphere, with the height rising, the transition date becomes earlier and the summer circulation lasts longer. For instance, the earliest circulation transition in the stratosphere occurs at the height of 10 hPa and 20 hPa, and it shifts to 30 hPa in a short period. However, it takes longer for the transition to shift from 30 hPa to 50 hPa than that from 10 hPa to 30 hPa, which takes almost one month. The average onset date of the South China Sea Summer Monsoon (SCSSM) is one of the earliest dates in Asia Summer Monsoon (ASM) system and it is much later than the transition dates in stratosphere. Therefore, TDI can be used as a pre-signal for monitoring and predicting ASM. Furthermore, there exists an obvious regional difference in the circulation transition, among which the transition dates at each level in Siberia is the earliest and that is relatively later in Bering Sea and Greenland. The inter-annual and inter-decadal features of the circulation transition dates in Northern Hemisphere and the aforementioned three different regions are quite apparent, turning from late to early and then to late again in the past 62 years. Particularly the circulation transition date in Northern Hemisphere and in Siberia shares some similarities in inter-annual and inter-decadal variations, for example, the time variation shows significant fluctuations, and both have a transition peak in 1975. The transition dates in Bering Sea and Greenland also have the similar features, for example, the time fluctuation is relatively small. Moreover, circulation transition dates vary with the height and region, but they all have a quasi-2-year, a quasi-3-to-6-year, a quasi-9-to-12-year or a quasi-21-to-24-year cycle which may have close connections with other members of the climate system.
- stratosphere circulation;
- circulation transition date;
- climatic features

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References(31)

Figures and Tables

Fig. 1 The mean square deviation of the geopotential height gradient from 1 March to 30 June at 10 hPa (unit: gpm)

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Fig. 2 Time-longitude evolution of geopotential height gradient (unit:dagpm)(a) and zonal wind (unit:m·s^-1)(b) at 10 hPa

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Fig. 3 Annual transition dates at different levels in North Hemisphere

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Fig. 4 Annual transition dates of different regions at 10 hPa

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图 5 不同区域10 hPa环流转型时间的标准化距平 (带标记的实折线)、线性趋势 (点划线)、二阶多项式回归趋势 (虚线)、高斯九点平滑 (实折线)

(a) 北半球，(b) 西伯利亚区，(c) 白令海区，(d) 格陵兰区

Fig. 5 Standard deviation of annual transition dates at 10 hPa geopotential height of all regions (labeled solid line), the corresponding to linear trend (chain dotted line), second order polynomial regression line (dotted line), Gaussian 9-year running averages (solid line)

(a) North Hemisphere, (b) Siberia, (c) Bering Sea, (d) Greenland

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图 6 不同层次环流转型日期的M-K统计量曲线 (a)10 hPa, (b)20 hPa

(UF为顺序时间序列的统计量，UB为逆序时间序列的统计量)

Fig. 6 Mann-Kendall statistic curves of standard deviation of annual transition date at 10 hPa (a) and 20 hPa (b) geopotential heights

(UF:statistic value of ordinal data; UB: statistic value of reverse data)

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图 7 不同区域10 hPa环流转型时间标准化距平的小波分析

(a)北半球，(b)西伯利亚区，(c)白令海区，(d)格陵兰区

Fig. 7 Wavelet analysis statistic curves of standard deviation of annual transition dates at 10 hPa geopotential height of different regions in North Hemisphere (a), Siberia (b), Bering Sea (c), Greenland (d)

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图 8 不同区域、不同层次环流转型日期出现频次

(a) 北半球，(b) 西伯利亚，(c) 白令海区，(d) 格陵兰区

Fig. 8 Percentage of annual transition dates at all levels of different regions in North Hemisphere (a), Siberia (b), Bering Sea (c), Greenland (d)

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Table 1 Transition date of stratospheric circulation in Northern Hemisphere

高度/hPa	冬季环流转为夏季环流时间	夏季环流转为冬季环流时间
10	4月上中旬	8月底
20	4月上中旬	8月底
30	4月下旬	8月中下旬
50	5月上旬	8月初

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Table 2 Average transition dates at all levels of the regions

高度/hPa	北半球	西伯利亚区	白令海区	格陵兰区
10	第112天	第111.7天	第139.9天	第139.6天
20	第113.5天	第112.7天	第138.7天	第137.9天
30	第118.3天	第116.6天	第143.4天	第140.5天
50	第145天	第141.4天	第173.6天	第154.4天

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Table 3 Extreme transition dates at all levels in Northern Hemisphere

高度/hPa	最早转型时间	最晚转型时间
10	第70天	第150天
20	第70天	第151.5天
30	第70天	第155天
50	第96天	第181天

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