The Ideal Density and Distribution of China Climate Network for Monitoring Surface Climate Change

Ren Yuyu; Ren Guoyu; Zhou Jiangxing

Vol.23, NO.2, 2012

Article Contents

Article Navigation > Journal of Applied Meteorological Science > 2012 > 23(2): 205-213

Ren Yuyu, Ren Guoyu, Zhou Jiangxing. The ideal density and distribution of China climate network for monitoring surface climate change. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2012, 23(2): 205-213.

Citation:

Ren Yuyu, Ren Guoyu, Zhou Jiangxing. The ideal density and distribution of China climate network for monitoring surface climate change. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2012, 23(2): 205-213.

Ren Yuyu, Ren Guoyu, Zhou Jiangxing. The ideal density and distribution of China climate network for monitoring surface climate change. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2012, 23(2): 205-213.

Citation:

Ren Yuyu, Ren Guoyu, Zhou Jiangxing. The ideal density and distribution of China climate network for monitoring surface climate change. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2012, 23(2): 205-213.

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The Ideal Density and Distribution of China Climate Network for Monitoring Surface Climate Change

National Climate Center, Beijing 100081

Received Date: 2011-06-24
Rev Recd Date: 2011-12-15
Publish Date: 2012-04-30

Abstract

Abstract

The China national climate observation network composed of 2416 stations are taken as the reference station network, and correlations of surface air temperature series precipitation series between the reference station network and analyzed station network are used to investigate the monitoring ability for surface climate change. The relationships between the monitoring requirements and the station number are analyzed for 2.5°by 2.5°, 2.5°by 3.5°, 5.0°by 5.0° latitude/longitude grid cells. Results show that the needed amount of stations decreases rapidly with the lowing of ability (standard) required for monitoring. Taking 2.5° by 2.5° grid cell for example, the needed amount of stations decreases from 750 to 377 when the monitoring requirements for temperature change from 0.99 to 0.95, and the needed amount of stations decreases from 670 to 417 when the monitoring requirements for precipitation change from 0.95 and 0.90. With the increase of grid cells, fewer stations are needed for the same monitoring requirement. In areas of rugged terrain, undulating terrain and transition zone from mountains to the plains and plateaus, higher station densities are generally needed. The areas where need high-density stations are mainly located in the mountainous regions, including the Sichuan Basin, the Wuyi Mountains, the Loess Plateau, the Qinling Mountains, the Southeast Hills, and the eastern mountainous areas of Northeast China. The more complex the terrain is, the lower the spatial consistency of climate change is, and the more stations are required. In general, monitoring for precipitation change requires higher density of stations. For 5° by 5° grid, however, the difference of station densities needed between temperature and precipitation is relatively small. The cause needs further study. The distributions of stations at the central and the west parts of Tibetan Plateau and Taklimakan Desert are not enough due to the harsh natural environment. Further research is needed in these regions, favorably in combination with other methods. In addition, the current stations are often located in the valleys and foothills rather than those on the slopes or on the peaks in mountainous regions, which has lowered the representativeness and enlarged the uncertainties.
- climate observation network;
- monitoring ability;
- climate change;
- station density

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References(16)

Figures and Tables

图 1 我国大陆气象观测站点分布 (a) 及2.5°×2.5°经纬度网格内包含站点数量 (b)

Fig. 1 Distribution of 2416-station (a) and the number of stations in each grid cell with the resolution of 2.5°×2.5°(b)

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图 2 子集站网气温序列 (a)、降水量序列 (b) 和标准站网序列的相关系数与站点数拟合图

Fig. 2 The relationship of c_M of temperature (a) and precipitation (b) to station number

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图 3 满足不同气温观测要求时网格内所需站点数量所占比例分布

Fig. 3 Frequency distributions for network meeting the goal of temperature monitoring

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图 4 1966—1995年气温观测满足c_M=0.95时377个站点分布

Fig. 4 Grid cell densities of 377-station network for satisfying temperature monitoring goal of c_M=0.95 during 1966—1995g

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图 5 1966—1995年气温观测满足c_M=0.99时750个站点分布

Fig. 5 Grid cell densities of 750-station network for satisfying temperature monitoring goal of c_M=0.99 during 1966—1995

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图 6 满足不同降水量观测要求网格内所需站点数量所占比例分布

Fig. 6 Frequency distributions for network meeting the goal of precipitation monitoring

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图 7 1966—1995年降水量观测满足c_M=0.90时417个站点分布

Fig. 7 Grid cell densities of 417-station network satisfying precipitation monitoring goal of c_M=0.90 during 1966—1995

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图 8 1966—1995年降水量观测满足c_M=0.95时670个站点分布

Fig. 8 Grid cell densities of 670-station network satisfying precipitation monitoring goal of c_M=0.95 during 1966—1995

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图 9 1966—1995年观测满足c_M=0.90时站点分布 (2.5°×3.5°)

Fig. 9 Grid cell densities of station network satisfying monitoring goal of c_M=0.90 during 1966—1995(2.5°×3.5°)

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图 10 1966—1995年观测满足c_M=0.90时站点分布 (5.0°×5.0°)

Fig. 10 Grid cell densities of station network satisfying monitoring goal of c_M=0.90 during 1966—1995(5.0°×5.0°)

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