Current and Electromagnetic Field of M Component in Triggered Lightning

Xiao Tong; Zhang Yang; Lü Weitao; Zheng Dong; Zhang Yijun

Vol.24, NO.4, 2013

Article Contents

Article Navigation > Journal of Applied Meteorological Science > 2013 > 24(4): 446-454

Xiao Tong, Zhang Yang, Lü Weitao, et al. Current and electromagnetic field of M component in triggered lightning. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2013, 24(4): 446-454.

Citation:

Xiao Tong, Zhang Yang, Lü Weitao, et al. Current and electromagnetic field of M component in triggered lightning. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2013, 24(4): 446-454.

Xiao Tong, Zhang Yang, Lü Weitao, et al. Current and electromagnetic field of M component in triggered lightning. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2013, 24(4): 446-454.

Citation:

Xiao Tong, Zhang Yang, Lü Weitao, et al. Current and electromagnetic field of M component in triggered lightning. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2013, 24(4): 446-454.

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Current and Electromagnetic Field of M Component in Triggered Lightning

1.
Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu 610225
2.
State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081

Received Date: 2012-11-19
Rev Recd Date: 2013-04-01
Publish Date: 2013-08-31

Abstract

Abstract

Based on data obtained in the triggered lightning at Conghua, Guangzhou during the period of 2008—2010, the characteristics and correlations of base current and electromagnetic field of M component are analyzed.Lightning M components are transient enhancements in the continuing current and in the associated channel luminosity after the return stroke. A typical M component is characterized by a more or less symmetrical current pulse at the channel base. The M component characteristics of each charge is examined using multiple station measurements of electric and magnetic fields at distances of 80 m, 2 km and 9 km from triggered lightning channels, respectively. Different bandwidth between the current and the electromagnetic field could lead to the differences between different data waveform, affecting the accuracy of the extracted parameters. Furthermore, the relation between the current and the close electromagnetic field is complex since it includes the static field, the induction field and radiation field. The ranging from 500 Hz to 20 kHz band pass filter is designed to filter these data, in order to obtain the valid data within the bandwidth of the M component.Results show that the geometric mean values of duration, 10%—90% rise time, decline time and half-peak width for electric field waveform of M component are 0.49 ms, 0.12 ms, 0.28 ms and 0.15 ms, respectively. The geometric mean values of duration, 10%—90% rise time, decline time, half-peak width and peak for current waveform of M component are 0.53 ms, 0.11 ms, 0.31 ms, 0.17 ms and 0.34 kA. The geometric mean values of duration, 10%—90% rise time, decline time, half-peak width and peak for magnetic field waveform of M component are 0.65 ms, 0.16 ms, 0.37 ms, 0.21 ms and 2.76×10^-5 T.In addition, the following relationship exists between the current, electric field and magnetic field waveform of M component. The correlation coefficient of duration, 10%—90% rise time, decline time, half-peak width, peak between the electric field and current are 0.64, 0.69, 0.39, 0.77 and 0.86, respectively. The coefficients between the magnetic field and current are 0.62, 0.86, 0.55, 0.76 and 0.93, respectively.In summary, there is a relatively strong correlation between the peaks of current and electromagnetic field waveform, and their geometry is comparable. As a result, the current waveform of M component can be calculated by the electromagnetic field data.
- triggered lightning;
- M component;
- electromagnetic field

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References(20)

Figures and Tables

Fig. 1 The electric filed，channel base current and magnetic field changes of the second return stoke in triggered lightning

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Fig. 2 The enlarged waveform of once M-component after second return stroke in triggering lightning

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Fig. 3 The current data before filtering (a) and after filtering (b)

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Fig. 4 Characteristic parameters of M-component

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图 5 电磁场与电流持续时间直方图

(a) 磁场与电流持续时间，(b) 电场与电流持续时间，(c) 磁场与电流上升时间，(d) 电场与电流上升时间，(e) 磁场与电流半峰值宽度，(f) 电场与电流半峰值宽度，(g) 磁场与电流波尾时间, (h) 电场与电流波尾时间

Fig. 5 The statistic histograms of duration magnetic and electric versus current

(a) duration of magnetic versus current, (b) duration of electric versus current, (c) rise time of magnetic versus current, (d) rise time of electric versus current, (e) half-peak width of magnetic versus current, (f) half-peak width of electric versus current, (g) decline time of magnetic versus current, (h) decline time of electric versus current

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Fig. 6 Scatter of amplitude of current versus magnetic (a) and current versus electric (b)

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Table 1 Statistic results of M-component parameters for current waveform

参数	样本量	算数平均值	几何平均值	中值	标准偏差
持续时间/ms	31	0.63	0.53	0.5	0.41
10%~90%上升时间/ms	31	0.13	0.11	0.12	0.11
波尾时间/ms	31	0.34	0.31	0.34	0.13
半峰值宽度/ms	30	0.20	0.17	0.15	0.13
电流幅度/kA	31	0.47	0.34	0.32	0.39

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Table 2 Statistic results of M-component parameters for electric field waveform

参数	样本量	算数平均值	几何平均值	中值	标准偏差
持续时间/ms	24	0.52	0.49	0.47	0.24
10%~90%上升时间/ms	24	0.15	0.12	0.10	0.12
波尾时间/ms	24	0.30	0.28	0.30	0.09
半峰值宽度/ms	23	0.17	0.15	0.16	0.07
电场相对变化	24	0.54	0.38	0.32	0.51

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Table 3 Statistic results of M-component parameters for magnetic field waveform

参数	样本量	算数平均值	几何平均值	中值	标准偏差
持续时间/ms	18	0.68	0.65	0.66	0.24
10%~90%上升时间/ms	18	0.19	0.16	0.14	0.12
半峰值宽度/ms	17	0.23	0.21	0.24	0.1
波尾时间/ms	18	0.38	0.37	0.36	0.1
磁场幅度/10^-5T	18	4.66	2.76	2.53	5.87

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Table 4 Correlation of parameters of current and electromagnetic field waveform

参数	电流与磁场相关系数	电流与电场相关系数
峰度	0.93	0.86
持续时间	0.62	0.64
10%~90%上升时间	0.86	0.69
半峰宽度	0.76	0.77
波尾时间	0.55	0.39

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