Vol.24, NO.5, 2013
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Article Navigation >  Journal of Applied Meteorological Science  > 2013  >  24(5): 554-564
Hu Jinggao, Zhou Bing, Xu Haiming. Characteristics of multi-patterns of precipitation over the Yangtze-Huaihe Basins during meiyu season in recent 30 years. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2013, 24(5): 554-564.
Citation: Hu Jinggao, Zhou Bing, Xu Haiming. Characteristics of multi-patterns of precipitation over the Yangtze-Huaihe Basins during meiyu season in recent 30 years. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2013, 24(5): 554-564.
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Characteristics of Multi-patterns of Precipitation over the Yangtze-Huaihe Basins During Meiyu Season in Recent 30 Years

  • 1.

    Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster of Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044

  • 2.

    National Climate Center, Beijing 100081

  • Received Date: 2013-01-19
  • Rev Recd Date: 2013-06-03
  • Publish Date: 2013-10-31
    Abstract
  • The spatial patterns of precipitation during Meiyu season (June—July) over the Yangtze-Huaihe Basins are analyzed under different distributions of surface stations. 424 stations to the east of 110°E are chosen for the rotated empirical orthogonal function (REOF) analysis during 1979—2010. Then, three precipitation patterns are obtained, i.e., the south pattern (SP), the Yangtze pattern (YP), and the Yangtze-Huaihe pattern (YHP).On the inter-annual time scale, it's found that the out-of-phase relationship displays more remarkably between the rainfall of SP and YHP in recent 30 years. However, the precipitation of YP shows no significant relationship with that of SP and YHP, revealing as more independent precipitation pattern. In addition, the YP has the most climatological precipitation, and shows the largest variability. While on the inter-decadal time scale, the YP precipitation is identical with that of SP. Nevertheless, the precipitation of YHP exhibits out-of-phase relationship with the YP and SP, especially since the early 1990s. There are obvious inter-decadal changes in the early 1990s and early 2000s in all spatial precipitation patterns during Meiyu season. But different from the previous years, by 2010, the YP and SP precipitation has increased a little but the YHP precipitation has decreased, suggesting a new inter-decadal variation.The regression using ERA-Interim reanalysis data indicates that corresponding to the anomalous precipitation, the intensities and positions of sub-systems of East Asian summer monsoon circulations, such as the south Asia high (SAH), the western Pacific subtropical high (SH) and the subtropical upper jet stream (JS), have notable differences which also exist in the monsoon meridional circulations and water vapor transport flux. Specifically, when the YP precipitation is in the flood years, the intensities of the SAH and SH enhance apparently. When the YHP precipitation is strong, the SAH and JS locate east, meanwhile, the geopotential height over Aleutian Islands maintain positive anomalies. The positive phase of the East Asia-Pacific teleconnection pattern and the negative phase of the Eurasian teleconnection pattern make it difficult for the SH to shift northward and confine it to a southern position, which in turn enhance the SP rainfall remarkably. Additionally, it is found that the SH, the monsoon meridional circulations, together with the vertically integrated water vapor transport flux stay successively in northern places, accompanying by a northerly rainfall pattern. Further analyses on sea surface temperature (SST) present that the previous SST of the east Pacific Ocean of the equator shows significant relationship with the precipitation of YP and SP. The cool SST of the western Pacific warm pool and warm SST in Chinese coasts and the Kuroshio area restrain the precipitation in the SP. But there is no distinct correlation between the precipitation of YHP and the tropical SST in the prior period, which implies that the tropical SST plays no key role in the YHP precipitation since 1979.
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  • Fig. 1  The spatial patterns in the Yangtze-Huaihe Basins obtained by REOF of precipitation during Meiyu season (June—July) of 90 stations in 1979—2010 (a) the distribution of 90 meteorological stations, (b) the second rotational loading vector, (c) the third rotational loading vector

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    Fig. 2  The same as in Fig.1, but obtained by REOF of 424 stations (the solid line box indicates the traditional Meiyu area)

    (a) the distribution of meteorological stations, (b) the south pattern (SP), (c) the Yangtze River pattern (YP), (d) the Yangtze-Huaihe pattern (YHP)

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    Fig. 3  Standardized time series of precipitation during Meiyu season in 1979—2010 of SP (a), YP (b) and YHP (c) (the dashed line shows 9-year moving average)

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    Fig. 4  The geopotential height (contour, unit:gpm)(the shaded denotes passing the test of 0.05 level) and wind filed (only the wind vectors passing the test of 0.05 level are given, unit: m·s-1) regressed against precipitation during meiyu season in 1979—2010 at 200 hPa and 500 hPa

    (a)200 hPa, SP, (b)500 hPa, SP, (c)200 hPa, YP, (d)500 hPa, YP, (e)200 hPa, YHP, (f)500 hPa, YHP

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    Fig. 5  The vertically integrated water vapor regressed against precipitation during Meiyu season in 1979—2010 (unit: kg·m-1·s-1, the vector of red color denotes passing the test of 0.05 level)

    (a) SP, (b) YP, (c) YHP

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    Fig. 6  The same as in Fig.5, but for the top thermal radiation (isoline, unit: W·m-2) (the shaded denotes passing the test of 0.05 and 0.01 levels, respectively)

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    Fig. 7  The same as in Fig.6, but for the cross section of meridion-height circulation (vector) averaged in 110°—130°E

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    Fig. 8  The correlation coefficient between precipitation during Meiyu season and SST in 1979—2010 (the SST is averaged from January to March for YP, and averaged from February to May for SP and YHP)

    (a) SP, (b) YP, (c) YHP

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    Table  1  The precipitation with its standard deviation of each pattern during Meiyu season

    型态 梅雨期月降水量/mm 标准差/mm
    1979—2010年 1961—2010年 1979—2010年 1961—2010年
    南部型 210.4 208.9 69.9 63.7
    长江型 226.1 210.6 73.9 74.7
    江淮型 185.3 177.2 64.0 60.4
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    Table  2  The correlation coefficient of precipitation between Meiyu patterns

    型态 1979—2010年
    (R0.05=0.349)    		 1961—2010年
    (R0.05=0.279)
    南部型与江淮型 -0.418 -0.275
    长江型与南部型 0.132 0.188
    江淮型与长江型 0.224 0.207
    DownLoad: Download CSV
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    • Received : 2013-01-19
    • Accepted : 2013-06-03
    • Published : 2013-10-31
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