基于星载雷达的四川地基雷达复杂地形定标方法

Complex Terrain Calibration Method for Ground-based Radar in Sichuan Based on Spaceborne Radar

  • 摘要: 四川省多波段地基雷达在复杂地形下难以使用常规定标方法进行有效定标, 造成不同雷达间的反射率因子差异较大, 影响组网应用效果。为了提高雷达数据的一致性, 将GPM/DPR与FY-3G/PMR组成星座提高重访周期, 提出基于星载雷达的四川省多波段地基雷达复杂地形匹配定标方法。选取2023年四川省34个地基雷达站的31个有效匹配个例进行方法评估, 调整空间匹配方法并设置雷达衰减、灵敏度、波束填充、地形遮挡、地杂波干扰等阈值参数, 有效提高星地雷达数据匹配质量, 可更真实反映地基雷达定标效果。将该方法应用于2023—2024年四川省雷达网643个有效匹配个例系统误差分析, 结果表明:S/C波段雷达网数据质量较好, 加入X波段雷达后, 雷达网整体系统误差增大0.29 dBZ, 稳定性降低, 系统偏差随时间波动幅度增大94.6%, 经星载雷达定标后, 多波段雷达网的数据一致性得到提高。

     

    Abstract: A comprehensive satellite-ground radar matching calibration method is proposed to address calibration challenges of multi-band ground radar in Sichuan complex terrain. This approach utilizes the constellation formed by GPM and FY-3G satellites as a standard reference to improve calibration frequency. It encompasses evaluations across multiple dimensions, including spatial matching, attenuation correction, sensitivity threshold settings, beam filling, terrain blockage, and ground clutter interference, systematically assessing performance of radar network. Key findings indicate that the accuracy of satellite-ground radar data is significantly influenced by spatial matching methodologies, attenuation correction techniques, and precise sensitivity threshold settings. Selecting matching boundaries based on variations in ground radar beam widths and using beam center-weighted resampling can reduce the mean absolute error by 0.02 to 0.09 dBZ. Furthermore, using ΦDP-based attenuation correction combined with customized sensitivity thresholds decrease the mean absolute error by 2.06 dBZ. Implementing a 20% beam-filling threshold ensures effective sample volume coverage, reducing the mean absolute error by an additional 0.01 dBZ. Excluding data affected by terrain blockage and data below 1.5 km altitude improves the matching correlation coefficient to above 0.8, effectively reducing the impact of ground clutter. Reflectivity data from GPM/DPR and FY-3G/PMR demonstrate excellent stability and consistency across diverse environmental conditions. Compared to S-band radar reflectivity, the average deviation is minimal at similar matching times, with a minimum deviation of 0.18 dBZ. Systematic error analysis of S- and C-band radars indicates high data reliability and quality, with echo intensities closely matching those observed by spaceborne radars. Systematic errors generally fall within ±2 dBZ, with a consistency error of approximately 2.43 dBZ, underscoring the robustness of the proposed calibration method. The data consistency of X-band radars is influenced by inherent band differences, potential attenuation errors, and system deviations. Despite efforts in band conversion and attenuation correction, system deviations remain the primary source of errors, ranging from 2.67 to 4.1 dBZ compared to spaceborne radars. Introducing X-band radar data increases S- and C-band radar network by 26.8%. After meticulous calibration using spaceborne radar data, horizontal and vertical structural features of the radar network are significantly improved, enhancing data consistency and reliability across different radar stations. The calibrated radar network provides more continuous, complete, and connected data, enabling higher-quality radar observations for comprehensive weather monitoring and advanced forecasting applications, ultimately improving meteorological services and decision-making processes.

     

/

返回文章
返回