全球天气监测预报服务系统设计与实现

Design and Implementation of Global Weather Monitoring Prediction and Service System

  • 摘要: 该文从设计需求、框架体系、主要技术、关键功能及应用情况等方面, 系统介绍了中央气象台全球天气监测预报服务系统(Global Weather Monitoring Prediction and Service System, GOPASS)。该系统基于气象信息综合分析处理系统(Meteorological Information Comprehensive Analysis and Processing System, MICAPS)V4.5框架开发, 具有良好的国内-全球天气业务系统延续性及全球功能特色性。系统自2019年开始建设, 于当年投入业务试用, 并持续改进至今。GOPASS采用5层级地理数据库高效接入全球高精度地理地形行政气候背景信息, 融合兰伯特投影等3种以上投影方式建成全球关注区域视角中心自适应功能。该系统以全球天气监测预报服务数据菜单、独立功能模块实现日常全球天气监测、全球多源数值/网格预报、全球城市当地时预报一体化订正、全球雨雪落区预报修订和全球灾害天气监测预报服务等多层次的全球天气业务能力。作为国家级全球天气关键业务系统, 今后将支持中国气象智能预警方案“妈祖”持续提升全球灾害天气早期预报预警能力。

     

    Abstract: Global Weather Monitoring Prediction and Service System (GOPASS) is a global weather operational platform developed by National Meteorological Center (NMC) of China Meteorological Administration (CMA). The system is comprehensively introduced from aspects of design requirements, framework architecture, key technologies, core functionalities and application status. GOPASS is developed from the ground up in 2019 and the first experimentally applied to the global weather forecasting operational business at NMC of CMA. The system has been iterated continuously, aiming to enhance its abilities in subjective modification of continental precipitation and phase forecast, local-time weather element prediction for major global cities, planetary-scale disastrous weather forecasting, as well as worldwide meteorological services for major events.Fundamentally, the system is built upon MICAPS4 (Meteorological Information Comprehensive Analysis and Processing System V4.5) framework, ensuring excellent continuity from domestic to global weather operation and incorporating distinctive prior global functional features. Based on the plug-in management architecture, GOPASS supports unattended 7×24 h operational monitoring, forecasting and other tasks, with the single-function operation response time typically between 1 s and 3 s. Through core techniques such as data standardization, cache optimization and projection matching, the platform achieves rapid geographic information query, precise visual presentation and convenient user interaction. In addition, efficient access to high-precision global geographic, topographic, administrative, and climatic background information is enabled through a 5-level geographic database. The integrated projection approaches, including Lambert projection, enable the self-adaptive perspective-center function for the globally concerned regions, which subsequently supports interactive application of multi-source meteorological observation and forecast data across the entire global area. Furthermore, the system enriches and upgrades data types available for monitoring and forecasting services. Multi-tiered global operational capabilities, such as routine weather monitoring, numerical and digital weather prediction, and hazardous weather services, are established via data menus and functional modules in GOPASS. Finally, the platform focuses on developing core application functionalities, including global disastrous weather monitoring and prediction, integrated correction of global urban (station) local-time forecasts, and adjustment of global rain and snow falling-area forecasts.In summary, as the primary national-level global weather operational platform, GOPASS has provided crucial supports for China's global hazardous weather monitoring and prediction operation, as well as meteorological services for major international events. Subsequently, this platform will be enhanced in early forecasting and warning capacity for global severe weather to support MAZU (Multi-hazard Alert, Zero gap and Universal)-China Intelligent Meteorological Early Warning Solution.

     

/

返回文章
返回